Broader Approach Activities towards Fusion DEMO Reactors

1. Broader Approach Activities toward Fusion DEMO Reactors IT/E-2 IAEA 21st Fusion Energy Conference (Chengdu17th October, 2006 ) Shinzaburo Matsuda Japan Atomic Energy Agency

2. Origin of Broader Approach Activities Joint Declarationat theMinisterial Meeting for ITER (Moscow,28 June 2005) ---- ITER Contribution, and it’s Site are decided. EU-JA Joint Paper (Attachment to Joint Declaration) Joint implementation of broader approach activities in the territory of the non-Host, on a time frame compatible with the ITER construction phase. # Funding contribution: 46bnY, and 339mnE # Candidate projects Start of BA Discussion between EU and JA started in July 21, 2005 at Garching. Since then, a number of legal and technical experts meetings and negotiation meetings have been held to develop agreed plans on BA activities. Agreement has been made by the negotiators on Oct. 2006.

3. Background of Fusion Energy R&D in Japan and in EU EU:Fast Track Approach Japan: The 3rd Phase basic Program on Fusion R&D JAEC Report “Technical Feasibility of Fusion Energy (May 2000)” JAEC report “Strategy of the Fusion Research and Development (Oct. 2005)”

4. ITER Road Map to Fusion DEMO Reactor Structural Material Dev. Blanket Technology Heavy Irradiation IFMIF Structure Development Fusion Engineering Research Test Blanket Module Component Technology Tokamak DEMO Reactor Fusion Plasma Research ITER&DEMO Physics Support Activities JT-60 JT-60 Superconducting Coils

5. The BA Activities comprise the following three Projects 1) Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activities for the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF/EVEDA) 2) International Fusion Energy Research Center (IFERC), a)A DEMO Design and, R&D coordination Center b)A Computational Simulation Center c)An ITER Remote Experimentation Center 3) Satellite Tokamak Programme Upgrade of JT-60 Tokamak to an advanced superconducting tokamak (JT-60SA)

6. Management Structure for Broader Approach BA Agreement (Agreement between Japanese Government and EURATOM) Implementing Agency Implementing Agency Steering Committee Appointment of a Project Leader Approval of Project Plans, Work Programmes and Annual Reports Approval of the Structure of the Project Teams Other Functions to Direct and Supervise EU Domestic Agency JAEA In-kindCashPersonnel In-kindCashPersonnel Audit Project Committee Project Committee Project Committee Project Leader Project Leader Project Leader Satellite Tokamak（JT-60SA） Project Team International Fusion Energy Research Center（IFERC） Project Team IFMIF Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activity （IFMIF-EVEDA） Project Team BA Project

7. Participation of Other ITER Parties Article 25 of the Broader Approach Activities “In the event that any other party to the ITER Agreement expresses its intension to participate in a project of the Broader Approach Activities, the Project Leader concerned shall, after consultation with the Project Committee, submit to the Steering Committee a proposal concerning the terms and conditions of the participation of that party in such project. The Steering Committee shall decide on the participation of that party upon the proposal of the Project Leader, and subject to the approval of the Parties following their internal procedures, may conclude agreements and arrangements with that party on such participation.”

8. Relative Allocation of Contributions from the Parties (in percentages) The overall EU contribution is 339 MiEuro value May 2005, and The overall JA contribution is 46 Byen value May 2005. Mostly in kind.

9. Provisional Schedule for Implementation of the BA Projects

10. Major Facilities and Activities in IFMIF/EVEDA Project Accelerator Facility Target Facility Test Facilities CONCEPTUAL VIEW Li Flow D+ Beams Irradiation Specimens of Fusion Materials Heat Exchanger Li Purification Electro- Magnetic Pump Design Integration • Prototype Accelerator- Full power Beam Test (low energy part from ion source up to the first section of drift tube linac) • Accelerator Test Building • Li Loop Fabrication/Test • Diagnostics, Erosion/corrosion, Purification • Remote Handling Technique • System Engineering Design ACTIVITIES • High Flux Test Module • Fission Neutron Irradiation Test • Small Specimen Test Technique • System Engineering Design Joint Team • Design of Buildings and Utilities • Safety and Integration Issues

11. Modification of JT-60U (JT-60SA) for BA and National Programs • Enhanced flexibility in aspect ratio (A=2.6-3.1) and plasma shape. • High power heating/current-drive system, 41MW for 100 s, will be prepared. • High beta steady-state operation (N~4, fBS~70%) for DEMO and high density ELMy H-mode operation (ne~9x1019m-3) for ITER are planned.

12. International Fusion Energy Research Center International Fusion Energy Research Center DEMO Design and R&D Co-ordination Center ITERCadarache ITER ITER Remote Experimentation Center Check of experimental conditions, Machine Control, etc Setting Experimental Parameters Data Acquisition and Analysis Satellite Tokamak IFMIF-EVEDA Fusion Computer Simulation Center IFMIF

13. Summary Three Projects are identified suitable for Broader Approach Activities between EU and Japan. They are: IFMIF/EVEDA, IFERC and JT-60SA Possible schedule for Initial and Signature of the Agreement will be fixed quite soon. Formal start of the BA activities is expected in a first half of 2007. Establishment of Steering Committee, Nomination of Implementing Agency, Project Leaders, and Project Team Members have to be made in near future. Preparatory work has been started such as for discussion on IFERC, on conceptual design of JT-60SA, IFMIF/EDEDA. The BA Activities are open to other ITER members and their participation will be quite welcome.