Figure 3.11A,C

1. Figure 3.11A,C Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins

2. Figure 3.11B Side chains define the differences between amino acids Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Aspartic acid (Asp) Leucine (Leu) Serine (Ser)

3. These twenty amino acids are found in all proteins of all forms of life, including viruses

5. Figure 3.13A_s1 Four Levels of Protein Structure Primary structure Aminoacids Amino acids

6. Figure 3.13A-B_s2 Four Levels of Protein Structure Primary structure Aminoacids Amino acids Secondary structure Hydrogenbond Beta pleatedsheet Alpha helix

7. Figure 3.13A-C_s3 Four Levels of Protein Structure Primary structure Aminoacids Amino acids Secondary structure Hydrogenbond Beta pleatedsheet Alpha helix Tertiary structure Transthyretinpolypeptide

8. Figure 3.13A-D_s4 Four Levels of Protein Structure Primary structure Aminoacids Amino acids Secondary structure Hydrogenbond Beta pleatedsheet Alpha helix Tertiary structure Transthyretinpolypeptide Quaternary structure Transthyretin, with fouridentical polypeptides

9. Figure 3.12B,C Structure of the anti-bacterial enzyme lysozyme Cartoon view (back bone) and space-filled view

10. Figure 3.15A Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) shown here dATP

11. Figure 10.2B The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA building blocks Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Pyrimidines Purines

12. Figure 3.15B The series of nucleotides (A T C G T etc) in nucleic acid polymers determines the DNA sequence (genetic instructions).

13. Figure 3.15C C A T G C C G DNA is found as stable dimers forming a double helix A T C G A T Basepair T A G C T A T A A T

14. Figure 10.2A DNA summary T A C G Sugar-phosphatebackbone T A Phosphategroup C G T A C G A Nitrogenousbase A G Nitrogenous base(can be A, G, C, or T) Covalentbondjoiningnucleotides A T Sugar G C T A C C C C T A C G T A DNAnucleotide Thymine (T) T T A DNAdouble helix T Phosphategroup G G Sugar(deoxyribose) DNA nucleotide G G Two representationsof a DNA polynucleotide