River Civilizations & Egypt

1. River Civilizations & Egypt Nadzak

3. ? The development of farming was so AWESOME it’s considered a REVOLUTION! The Neolithic Revolution

4. then . . .

5. ivilizations! • Cities • Central government • Religion • Social & economic classes • Arts & architecture • Writing omplex culture!

6. ?????

7. Farming and domestication of animals led to what?

8. Shelters, steady food supply, larger population & specialized skills

9. What happened during the Neolithic Revolution?

10. Agriculture was developed.

11. List 5 traits of civilizations?

12. Surplus of food – leads to trade • Cities • Division of labor – different types of jobs • Organized institutions – gov’t, religion • System of written communication – cuneiform, hieroglyphics, Sanskrit

14. Why would anyone wish to build a civilization in the middle of the desert in what is now lower Iraq?

17. Rocky deserts cover 40% of the land • 30% is mountainous with bitter cold winters • The South is marshy and damp Why would anyone want to live there?

18. Because . . . Most people in ancient Mesopotamia and in modern day Iraq live near the Tigris & Euphrates rivers in the Fertile Crescent!

19. Civilization began in an area known as the Fertile Crescent. • Located near the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf • Rich soil – shaped like crescent • Eastern section between Tigris & Euphrates = Mesopotamia – “land between two rivers” • Western section = Mediterranean • Sumerian, Babylonia, Phoenician & Egyptian cultures evolved here

24. BUT . . . the Tigris & Euphrates rivers FLOODED! Even though floods were good for soil they could be DESTRUCTIVE!

25. Soooo . . .what did people do?

26. Why did they need teamwork?

27. Did you know . . . • There are carp in the rivers of Iraq (ancient Mesopotamia) that get to be 300 pounds • Shark swim in from the Persian Gulf

28. all early civilizations developed along major rivers • river valleys were ideal locations for civilizations to arise since they provided important resources (such was water, food, and fertile soil), natural trade/transportation routes, and, in some cases a natural defense against attacks

29. rivers could be dangerous in times of flooding and that civilizations had to take measures to control flooding and/or lessen the severity of the impact • in spite of these attempts to control flooding, early civilizations often suffered devastating losses

30. ?????

31. Why did ancient peoples settle along rivers?

32. They provided important resources (such was water, food, and fertile soil), natural trade/transportation routes, and, in some cases a natural defense against attacks.

33. What is ancient Mesopotamia called now?

34. IRAQ

35. The Fertile Crescent is between what 2 rivers?

36. TigrisandEuphrates

37. Why were rivers often dangerous during ancient times?

38. Unpredictable flooding

39. What’s the name for “land between 2 rivers”?

40. Mesopotamia

41. What civilizations began in Mesopotamia?

42. Sumerian, Babylonia, Phoenician & Egyptian

43. Where was Mesopotamia?

44. near the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf

47. societies were divided into hierarchies of labor • development of government - particularly law codes (Hammurabi’s Code) • ziggurats, pyramids, temples were examples of architecture

49. writing systems included pictographs and symbols (hieroglyphics & cuneiform) • the religious systems were often connected to nature • architecture was related to religion and defense (ziggurats & pyramids)