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Soil Horizons, Texture and Structure Topic 2054

Soil Horizons, Texture and Structure Topic 2054. Torey Birchmeier Brian Sobecki. Soil Horizons. 3 Horizons A Horizon B Horizon C Horizon. A Horizon. Common names - Organic layer and top soil Traits Contains most plant roots Heavily leached from heavy rainfall

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Soil Horizons, Texture and Structure Topic 2054

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  1. Soil Horizons, Texture and Structure Topic 2054 Torey Birchmeier Brian Sobecki

  2. Soil Horizons • 3 Horizons • A Horizon • B Horizon • C Horizon

  3. A Horizon • Common names - Organic layer and top soil • Traits • Contains most plant roots • Heavily leached from heavy rainfall • Contains high organic matter • Dark in color

  4. B Horizon • Common name - Subsoil • Traits • Zone of acclimation ( Nutrients, silts and clays accumulate in this zone) • Little to No organic matter • Red and yellow in color

  5. C Horizon • Common name - Parent material • Traits • Below the root zone • Outside the Biological zone (Point were no plant or animals can grow or live)

  6. Texture • Definition: Percentage of sand, silt and clay particles • Size of particles.(largest to smallest) • Sand • Silt • Clay

  7. Texture • Why is texture Important? • Water absorption rates • Soil water storage capacity • Ease of tillage • Amount of aeration • Soil Fertility

  8. Texture • Determining Soil Texture By Feel • Sand • Coarse gritty feel • Silt • Medium-silty, floury feel • Clay • Fine-sticky when wet

  9. Structure • Definition - the physical arrangement of soil particles • Structure affects the movement of water, air and root penetration

  10. Structure • Types of structures • Columns • Blocky • Granular • Plate-like

  11. Structure • Columns • Water penetration-good • Drainage-good • Aeration-good

  12. Structure • Blocky • Water Penetration-good • Drainage-moderate • Aeration-moderate

  13. Structure • Granular • Water Penetration-good • Drainage-best • Aeration-best

  14. Structure • Plate-like • Water Penetration-moderate • Drainage-moderate • Aeration-moderate

  15. hpwww.gsfa.nasa.gov/globe/protocol/structure.htm www.soils.agri.umn.edu/academics/classes/soil3125/doc/2chap3.htm References

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