Electromagnetic Induction and Electric Power Transmission

1. Electromagnetic Inductionand Electric Power Transmission 4/7/14 Joseph Henry, Michael Faraday and James Maxwell

2. Bellwork • Why is motion a key word for magnetism? • Because moving electrons are the source of magnetism.

3. Electricity and Magnetism • Electrical currents produce magnetic fields • Electricity and magnetism are intertwined with each other

4. Electromagnetic Induction • Electromagnetic Induction: The process of creating a voltage in a circuit by changing the magnetic field.

5. Electric Generator • Generator: A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

6. Strong magnet or magnetic field Coil of wire that is part of a circuit A way to move the coil of wire Generator Components

7. Transformers

8. (transformer) Transformer

9. Transformers • Transformer: A device for increasing or decreasing voltage through electromagnetic induction

10. Transformer Components • Consist of two different coils of wire around opposite sides of an iron core. • Alternating current through a coil of wire induces a changing magnetic field in the core. • This field will cause a current flow in a secondary coil.

14. Step-up: Voltage increases Current decreases Power stays the same Step-down: Voltage decreases Current increases Power stays the same Transformers P = I · V

15. Mechanical Generators • Coal power plants (steam) • Nuclear power plants (steam) • Geothermal power (steam) • Methane power plants (steam) • Hydroelectric power plants (PEgrav) • Wind turbines (KEwind) • Tidal power (KEtide)

16. Solar Power (non-mechanical) • Electromagnetic energy (Sun) converted into electric power

18. Notes End Here!

19. Power Transmission

20. Steam-Powered Generator • Steam drives the turbine, which turns the coil wire in a magnetic field.

21. Coal Power Plant

22. Nuclear Power Plant

23. Geothermal Generator

24. Methane Power Plants

25. Hydroelectric Power Plant

27. Wind and Tidal Generators

30. Tidal Power

31. Mechanical Generators • Coal power plants (steam) • Nuclear power plants (steam) • Geothermal power (steam) • Methane power plants (steam) • Hydroelectric power plants (PEgrav) • Wind turbines (KEwind) • Tidal power (KEtide)

32. Solar Power (non-mechanical) • Electromagnetic energy (Sun) converted into electric power

33. U.S. Electric Power Sources 2012

34. Power Transmission

35. Power Plant • 6000-12,000 V (Springerville, AZ)

36. Increase voltage to 120,000 – 240,000 V Step-up Transformer

37. Power Lines • 120,000 – 240,000 V

38. Step-down Transformer (Substation) • Decreases voltage to 2000 – 8000 V

39. Step-down Transformer (Telephone pole) • Decrease voltage to 120 – 240 V

41. Maxwell’s Equations

42. Maxwell’s Equations

43. The End

44. Notes for Title Slide • Joseph Henry – (American) discovered electromagnetic induction • Michael Faraday – (English) discovered electromagnetic induction • James Maxwell – (Scottish) formulated the electromagnetic theory combining electricity, magnetism and light together