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Chem 292, Chemistry Outreach Fall 2000 Dr. David A. Boyles and Dr. M. Steven McDowell

AGRO-CHEMISTRY & FERTILIZERS. Stacy A. Froelich Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City, SD 57701. AGRO-CHEMISTRY: Chemistry related to agriculture.

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Chem 292, Chemistry Outreach Fall 2000 Dr. David A. Boyles and Dr. M. Steven McDowell

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  1. AGRO-CHEMISTRY & FERTILIZERS Stacy A. Froelich Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City, SD 57701 AGRO-CHEMISTRY: Chemistry related to agriculture. FERTILIZERS: A chemical or natural substance added to soil to make it more fertile. CHEMICAL ORGANIC Nitrogen: Chemical fertilizers that are Nitrogen based. There are two types of chemical nitrogen fertilizers. 1. Water Soluble: Rapid release. Most effective when soil temperature is below 55-60 °F. Strongly acidifying on the soil. This may cause burning if not water-in immediately. EXAMPLES: Ammonium Nitrate, Ammonium Sulfate, and Anhydrous Ammonia. 2. Water Insoluble Synthesis: Slow release time until the soil temperature is above 60 °F. Minimum danger of burning. EXAMPLES: Urea formaldehydes, IBDU, Osmocote, and N-Serve. Nitrogen: Organic fertilizers that are nitrogen based.b There are two kinds of organic nitrogen fertilizers. 1. Water Soluble Organic: Rapid, slightly less available than the chemical water soluble. May causing burning if not watered in immediately. EXAMPLES: Urea 2. Water Insoluble Organic: Moderate to slow release. These also may contain phosphorus. Release is most rapid when soil temperature is above 60 °F. Minimum danger of burning. EXAMPLES: Processed sewage sludge, and tankage seed meals. Fish Fertilizers: This fertilizers is mainly compose of fish remains. This fertilizers comes in two forms: Liquid and Dry. EXAMPLES: Alaska Fish Emulsion, Alaska dry pure fish fertilizer, and Saltwater farms seaweed.fish. Phosphorus:: Fertilizers that are Phosphorus based.Phosphorus is considered the fuel of life. Release is rapid. Phosphorus is subject to fixation in the soil. Earthworm Castings: This fertilizers is composed of earthworm casting. EXAMPLES: Mother Natures Worm Casting. Reference: http://www.homeharvest.com http://www.soils.umn.edu http://home.isoa.net http://www.efma.org http://www.ianr.unl.edu http://www.gov.on.ca Compost: This fertilizer is composed of rotting or rotten organic matter. This is usually done in a compost bed. Vegetables and other organic matter is used. Potassium: Fertilizers that are Potassium based. Postussium is not an integral part of organic molecule in plants. It is important in many biochemical reactions of the plant. Mostly used in sandy soil, because potassium from this type of soil is leached. Chem 292, Chemistry Outreach Fall 2000 Dr. David A. Boyles and Dr. M. Steven McDowell

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