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Chapter 30 – Digestive and Excretory Systems

Chapter 30 – Digestive and Excretory Systems. Foods – these are necessary. Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals water. Human Digestive System. Digestion starts in the mouth. Saliva starts mixing food with saliva - saliva comes from salivary

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Chapter 30 – Digestive and Excretory Systems

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  1. Chapter 30 – Digestive and Excretory Systems

  2. Foods – these are necessary • Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Vitamins • Minerals • water

  3. Human Digestive System

  4. Digestion starts in the mouth • Saliva starts mixing food with saliva - saliva comes from salivary glands in the cheeks and under the tongue. - saliva moistens food, mixes food with mucus, and adds enzymes that break down starch into sugars.

  5. Teeth carry out mechanical digestion • Take care of your teeth

  6. Swallowed food passes into the esophagus then the stomach • Peristalsisis responsible for pushing food in one direction through the rest of the digestive system after the mouth. • This occurs in the espophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and pushes wastes out of the anus.

  7. Digestive system problems: • Food poisoning • Parasites such as worms • Viral infections (hepatitis) • Eating disorders (anorexia and bulimia) • Diarrhea and constipation • Flatulence! (excuse me!)

  8. Excretory System • Animals produce waste products that must be removed from their body. • Most animals have a system that deals with nitrogen-rich wastes from the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids. • Ammonia (NH3) is toxic. • In addition, it helps maintain homeostasis – balancing osmotic action and pH.

  9. Human Excretory System

  10. Excretory System Problems • Kidney stones – crystalized mineral salts and uric acid salts in the urine. Stones block flow of urine and cause excrutiating pain. • Kidney failure - can be caused by long-term diabetes, infections, physical injuries, chemical poisoning. Causes toxic materials to build up to lethal levels. Dialysis or kidney transplant is the treatment.

  11. The End

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