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Aim What happens when a bacteria or virus mutates?

Aim What happens when a bacteria or virus mutates? . MUTATIONS. Change in DNA that affect genetic information. In other words base pair (A-T or G-C) sequence changes. Mutation. What can a change in DNA lead to in an organisms cell?

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Aim What happens when a bacteria or virus mutates?

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  1. AimWhat happens when a bacteria or virus mutates?

  2. MUTATIONS Change in DNA that affect genetic information. In other words base pair (A-T or G-C) sequence changes.

  3. Mutation • What can a change in DNA lead to in an organisms cell? Since DNA has the codes for the production of proteins, a mutation would lead to that organism producing a defective protein

  4. Gene expression • How could a defective protein impact on the way a gene expresses itself? • It can change things like the shape of a hormone or enzyme which are proteins and make them not function properly

  5. Mutations in one cell organisms • Since bacteria and viruses are one cell organism, a mutation in its DNA will change the entire organism • Different strains of that organism will be formed Surface proteins on membrane

  6. The hepatitis example • There are three types of hepatitis viruses- A, B, and C • The event that changed the original hepatitis virus was a mutation Hepatitis is a liver disease

  7. The AIDS example • There are two stands of AIDS virus due to the virus changing from a mutation HIV I and HIV II

  8. Viral infections • Once you have a viral infection only your immune system can eliminate the virus from your body. • You can prevent certain viral infection by receiving a vaccine • If a certain virus should mutate you must receive a new vaccine to combat the mutated virus

  9. Curing Bacterial infections • The doctor gives you an antibiotic to kill the bacteria. It kills all the blue bacteria but the red bacteria survives. Why does the red bacteria survive? • The red is antibiotic resistant to that particular antibiotic because it mutated.(DNA changed). It survives and begins to multiply Red bacteria is mutated

  10. All red bacteria • If the antibiotic killed all the blue bacteria, but not the red, they begin to multiply. How does the doctor cure the patient? • He prescribes a new antibiotic that will kill the red (mutated) bacteria.

  11. Summary • An event that make a bacteria or virus change is called a mutation (change in DNA) • A mutation can lead to the production of a defective protein • A bacteria can become antibiotic resistant if it mutates • In order to cure the patient from this resistant bacteria the doctor can change the antibiotic to one that works. Antibiotic only work against bacteria

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