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Section12.2 & 13.2

Section12.2 & 13.2. SC Standards Covered. Standard PS-7.5 Summarize the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum (including range of wavelengths, frequency, energy, and propagation without a medium).

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Section12.2 & 13.2

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  1. Section12.2 & 13.2

  2. SC Standards Covered • Standard PS-7.5 Summarize the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum (including range of wavelengths, frequency, energy, and propagation without a medium). • Standard PS-7.7 Explain the Doppler effect conceptually in terms of the frequency of the waves and the pitch of the sound.

  3. The Electromagnetic Spectrum • Electromagnetic waves – electric and magnetic waves released by a vibrating electric charge • Do not need a medium to travel through • All travel at 300, 000, 000 m/s

  4. Electromagnetic Spectrum • Electromagnetic spectrum – the entire range of frequencies of electromagnetic waves Low energy High energy Long wavelength Short wavelength Low frequency High frequency

  5. Radio Waves • Waves with a wavelength greater than 1m • Uses: • Radio signals • MRI • Studying objects in space

  6. Microwaves • Waves with a wavelength from 1 m to 1 mm • Uses: • cellular telephones • Satellite signals • Heating / cooking food • RADAR • Doppler Radar

  7. The Doppler Effect • Doppler Effect – the change in frequency, pitch, due to a moving wave source

  8. Using the Doppler Effect • Radar • Shoot radar waves towards a moving object and based on how the wavelengths are shifted, the velocity of the moving object can be determined

  9. When an object is moving towards you the waves are compressed together, lowering the wavelength, increasing the frequency, which raises the pitch • Click here to see animation

  10. When an object is moving away from you, the waves are spread apart more, raising the wavelength, decreasing the frequency, which lowers the pitch • Click here to see animation

  11. Infrared Waves • Waves with a wavelength between 1mm and 400 billionths of a meter • Feels like heat • Uses: • Remote controls • CD-ROMS • Infrared photography • Keep objects warm

  12. Visible Light • Waves with wavelengths from 400 billionths of a meter to 750 billionths of a meter • Uses • Waves that we use to see

  13. Ultraviolet Waves • Waves with wavelengths of 750 billionths to 10 billionths of a meter • Enters into skin cells • Uses: • Causes our skin to make vitamin D • To kill bacteria • Causes some objects to fluoresce • To tan

  14. X-Rays & Gamma Rays • Smallest wavelength electromagnetic waves • Travel through matter breaking molecular bonds • Uses: • X-ray imaging • Radiation therapy • Check for defects and cracks in metallic objects

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