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The Appendicular skeleton. Appendage = add on = limb. Why do I even want an appendicular skeleton?. Appendicular Skeleton. The appendicular skeleton is made up of the bones of the limbs and their girdles Pectoral girdles attach the upper limbs to the body trunk
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The Appendicular skeleton Appendage = add on = limb
Appendicular Skeleton • The appendicular skeleton is made up of the bones of the limbs and their girdles • Pectoral girdles attach the upper limbs to the body trunk • Pelvic girdle secures the lower limbs • What the heck is a girdle?
A girdle usually means a belt like structure surrounding the body
Pectoral Girdles • The pectoral girdles consist of the anterior clavicles and the posterior scapulae • They attach the upper limbs to the axial skeleton • The way its set upallowsfor maximum movement • They provide attachment points for muscles that move the upper limbs
Maximum movement good or bad?You tell me! Good Bad Poorly reinforced Lots o’ dislocations • Lots of flexibility! • Lots o’ movement Glenohumerol joint
Clavicles (Collarbones) • Slender, “doubly curved” long bones lying across the superior thorax • Curve makes sense! • attachment points for muscles • act as braces to hold the scapulae and arms out laterally - away from the body
Clavicle You’ve got: • The acromial (lateral) end articulates with the scapula, • The sternal (medial) end articulates with the sternum (manubrium @ what notch?? • Conoid tubercle – near acromial end – ligaments attach collar bone to 1st rib
Clavicles (Collarbones) Figure 7.22b, c
Scapulae (Shoulder Blades) • Moves quite freely across thorax • Triangular, flat bones lying on the dorsal surface of the rib cage • between the second and seventh ribs • Scapulae have three borders and three angles • Superior – shortest & sharpest • Medial – parallel to vertebral column • Lateral – runs into armpit! (glenoid cavity) Angles – superior, lateral, inferior
Scapula • Anterior view = boring! • Posterior view includes • Spine – palpated easily! • Acromion – region we learned (shoulder point) • Articulates with clavicle acromioclavicular joint • Coracoid process – bicep brachialis anchored here • Suprascapular notch – nerve passage helps bound coracoid process – (laterally bounded by glenoid cavity) • Infraspinous and 6. supraspinousfossae
Major markings include the suprascapular notch, the supraspinous and infraspinousfossae, the spine, the acromion, and the coracoid process
Scapulae (Shoulder Blades) Figure 7.22d
Scapulae (Shoulder Blades) Figure 7.22e
Scapulae (Shoulder Blades) Figure 7.22f