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SWAAGATH NAMASKAAR

SWAAGATH NAMASKAAR. LET US LEARN TO LIVE. A HEALTHY LIFE. Dedicated to HI-TECH Carbon Factory Employees. A Presentation by Dr. R.V.S.N.SARMA , M.D., M.Sc (Canada). PURPOSE OF THIS TALK. Create awareness of a healthy heart Impress on seriousness of the problem

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SWAAGATH NAMASKAAR

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  1. SWAAGATH NAMASKAAR Dr.Sarma@works

  2. LETUS LEARNTO LIVE A HEALTHY LIFE Dr.Sarma@works

  3. Dr.Sarma@works

  4. Dedicated to HI-TECH CarbonFactory Employees A Presentation by Dr. R.V.S.N.SARMA, M.D., M.Sc (Canada) Dr.Sarma@works

  5. PURPOSE OF THIS TALK • Create awareness of a healthy heart • Impress on seriousness of the problem • Provide guidelines for normal values • Help identify the various risk factors • Inform the warning symptoms • Motivate to adopt life style changes • Give dietary advice for a healthy heart • Certainly, not to frighten the participants Dr.Sarma@works

  6. THE VOLCANO • THE TRIANGLE • OBESITY and OVER WEIGHT • DIABETES • HYPERTENSION • CHOLESTEROL • THE HEART ATTACK (IHD) • WARNING SIGNS • HOW TO PREVENT ? • EATING RIGHT • BE ON THE MOVE • RED ALERT Dr.Sarma@works

  7. THE VOLCANO • THE TRIANGLE • OBESITY and OVER WEIGHT • DIABETES • HYPERTENSION • CHOLESTEROL • THE HEART ATTACK (IHD) • WARNING SIGNS • CAN WE PREVENT ? • EATING RIGHT • BE ON THE MOVE • RED ALERT Dr.Sarma@works

  8. Dr.Sarma@works

  9. THE VOLCANO • THE TRIANGLE • OBESITY and OVER WEIGHT • DIABETES • HYPERTENSION • CHOLESTEROL • THE HEART ATTACK (IHD) • WARNING SIGNS • CAN WE PREVENT ? • EATING RIGHT • BE ON THE MOVE • RED ALERT Dr.Sarma@works

  10. Dr.Sarma@works

  11. THE TRIANGLE HIGH BP DIABETES HEART ATTACK OBESITY Dr.Sarma@works

  12. THE QUADRANGLE SMOKING & ALCOHOL HEART ATTACK DIABETES HIGH BP OBESITY & ↑ CHOLESTEROL Dr.Sarma@works

  13. THE VOLCANO • THE TRIANGLE • OBESITY and OVER WEIGHT • DIABETES • HYPERTENSION • CHOLESTEROL • THE HEART ATTACK (IHD) • WARNING SIGNS • CAN WE PREVENT ? • EATING RIGHT • BE ON THE MOVE • RED ALERT Dr.Sarma@works

  14. Dr.Sarma@works

  15. ABOUT WEIGHT NORMAL WEIGHT Simply Height in cms – 100 For a man 165 cm height = 165 -100 = 65 kg IDEAL WEIGHT [ HEIGHT (in meters) x HEIGHT (in meters) ] x 25 [ 1.65 m x 1.65 m ] x 25 = 2.7225 x 25 = 68 kg EXCESS WEIGHT = [OUR WEIGHT – IDEAL WEIGHT] 75 kg man – 68 kg ideal weight = 7 kg excess GOAL WEIGHT Always try to have realistic goals (Ads, Crash diets) Only 10% of weight reduction in 6 months For 75 kg man - 10% = 7.5 kg reduction in 6 months Dr.Sarma@works

  16. OVER WEIGHT - OBESITY EXCESS WEIGHT = [OUR WEIGHT – IDEAL WEIGHT] 75 kg man if 68 kg is ideal weight = 7 kg excess OVER WEIGHT If the excess weight is with in 10% of ideal weight If for a man, the ideal weight is 68 kg (10% = 6.8) Any weight from 68.1 to 74.8 kg is over weight OBESITY If the excess weight is more than 10% of ideal Wt For him weight more than 74.8 is Obesity Dr.Sarma@works

  17. OBESITY BODY WEIGHT IS ONE PARAMETER CENTRAL OBESITY – even if the weight is normal TUMMY – WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE Normal for men < 38 inches, Normal for women < 32 inches Waist – HIP RATIO ( Waist measurement ÷ Hip measurement ) x 100 Normal for men < 90 %, Normal for women < 80 % Dr.Sarma@works

  18. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1985 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  19. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1986 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  20. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1987 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  21. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1988 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  22. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1989 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  23. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1990 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  24. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1991 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  25. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1992 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  26. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1993 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  27. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1994 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  28. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1995 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  29. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1996 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  30. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1997 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  31. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1998 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  32. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 1999 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  33. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. AdultsBRFSS, 2000 Source: Mokdad A H, et al. J Am Med Assoc1999;282:16, 2001;286:10. Dr.Sarma@works

  34. OBESITY in ADULTS of 40+ • 35% of Indian men and 50 % women above 40+ are obese or over weight • This is increasing every year and is estimated to become 65% in 10 yrs. • This figure is more in urban societies • Women are obese - much early in age • Tummy – Abdominal obesity is higher • ↑↑ risk of Diabetes, ↑ BP, Heart Disease. Dr.Sarma@works

  35. OBESITY in YOUTH • Consumption of sugars, fats, junk food is associated with obesity in children. • Couch potatoes and mouse potatoes • Studies show more than 80% of obese adolescents remain as obese adults • 15% of youth are overweight now • This is triple the proportion in 1980 • ↑↑ risk of Diabetes, ↑BP, Heart Disease Dr.Sarma@works

  36. THE VOLCANO • THE TRIANGLE • OBESITY and OVER WEIGHT • DIABETES (SUGAR COMPLAINT) • HYPERTENSION • CHOLESTEROL • THE HEART ATTACK (IHD) • WARNING SIGNS • CAN WE PREVENT ? • EATING RIGHT • BE ON THE MOVE • RED ALERT Dr.Sarma@works

  37. Dr.Sarma@works

  38. DIABETES • What is Diabetes ? A progressive disease in which our body Does not make enoughInsulin and or We do not respond properly to Insulin - IR Results in ↑sugar in blood and complications • What is normal blood sugar ? In fasting state - FBG – Less than 110 After food (2 hrs)- PPBG – Less than 140 • Pre DM = FBG >110 or PPBG > 140 • Diabetes = FBG > 126 or PPBG of > 200 Dr.Sarma@works

  39. MORE ON DIABETES • Genetic factors – Hereditary • Racial factors – Indians are highly prone • Physical inactivity • Bad dietary habits • Over weight and Obesity • ↓ pain sensation – painless heart attacks • 4 times higher risk for death than normal • 3 times higher risk of brain stroke • ↓ good cholesterol, ↑bad cholesterol, ↑TG • Cause hardening of blood pipes - ↑BP Dr.Sarma@works

  40. DIABETES TESTING • Can we rely on urine test ? - No Urine test cannot conclusively decide DM • What blood test is needed Fasting Blood Sugar – FBG < 110 is N 2 hrs PPBG (after glucose) < 140 is N • Two tests are needed to confirm DM • How often to test ? – If normal - yearly • Does pre Diabetes need treatment – Yes • What are the treatments options ? Diet, exercise, tablets, Insulin injections Dr.Sarma@works

  41. DIABETES COMPLICATIONS • What is goal blood sugar FBG < 110, PPBG < 140 Tight control of blood sugar is a must • What if I do not control my Diabetes ? It leads to variety of complications such as Heart disease including heart attacks Kidney disease and failure Nervous debility in hands and feet Loss of eye sight, Brain stroke Frequent infections, TB Foot ulcers – leading to removal of foot Dr.Sarma@works

  42. DIABETES - ESSENTIALS • Diet restrictions – Keeping sugar normal • Regular physical activity – Keep normal weight • Loose tummy – abdominal fat ↑ diabetes • Medications - if prescribed, not to stop • Tight blood sugar control • Frequent follow up – at least once a month • Home blood glucose monitoring • Keeping BP with in normal range • Periodic eye testing • Extreme care of feet and hands • Prompt treatment of any infections • Stop smoking, alcohol and junk food Dr.Sarma@works

  43. DIABETES - MISCONCEPTIONS • I am young – I will not have Diabetes - No • None in my family has DM – I do not get it - No • My parents are diabetics – I will sure get it - No • I want only tablets, I can not restrict food - No • My legs are painful – I can not exercise – No • I have to stop medicines to test blood sugar - No • I took tablets – now my diabetes is gone - No • Long term use of tablets harms my health – No • Insulin injections are harmful – No • I am diabetic – I can not have good family life - No • Diabetes ‘cures’ in other systems of medicine - ?? Dr.Sarma@works

  44. THE VOLCANO • THE TRIANGLE • OBESITY and OVER WEIGHT • DIABETES • HYPERTENSION (HIGH BP) • CHOLESTEROL • THE HEART ATTACK (IHD) • WARNING SIGNS • CAN WE PREVENT ? • EATING RIGHT • BE ON THE MOVE • RED ALERT Dr.Sarma@works

  45. Dr.Sarma@works

  46. BLOOD PRESSURE • In B.P reading there are two numbers • The TOP number is called Systolic B.P • It measures the pressure in the blood pipes when heart pumps – It is normally 120 mm • The LOWER number is called the Diastolic B.P • It measures the pressure in the blood pipes when heart rests – It is normally 80 mm • It is written as 120/80, 134/ 86 like that.. • Top number should not exceed 140 • Lower number should not exceed 90 Dr.Sarma@works

  47. BLOOD PRESSURE TESTING Dr.Sarma@works

  48. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE • It is called the ‘silent killer’ – No symptoms • 1 out of every 4 adults 40+ suffer from high B.P • In 60+ age group > 90% are having High SBP • Blood pressure changes with emotional or physical stress – this may be temporary or persistent • If the blood pipes harden due to age, due to cholesterol deposits, or due to diseases – then B.P. is persistently elevated beyond 140/90 • Diabetes, smoking, certain medications ↑B.P Dr.Sarma@works

  49. BLOOD CIRCULATION Dr.Sarma@works

  50. What If I have High B.P. • Over time High B.P. causes heart to enlarge • Heart’s pumping power becomes less and less • This causes dysfunction and failure of heart pump • Blood vessels harden and get narrowed - leads to ↓blood flow to organs like heart, kidney - • Results in heart attacks and kidney failure • Blood clots and bleeding from brain blood pipes leads to paralytic stroke etc., • If eye blood vessels are affected – loss of vision • Diabetes + High B.P = Fire + Wind - ↑damage Dr.Sarma@works

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