Factors Affecting the Economic Potential of West London Robert Huggins

1. Factors Affecting the Economic Potential of West London Robert Huggins Enterprise and Regional Development Unit The Management School University of Sheffield r.huggins@sheffield.ac.uk

2. West London – boroughs of Hammersmith and Fulham, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Harrow, Brent and Ealing

3. West London -Some Perceived Strengths • Heathrow - the world’s busiest international airport - excellent export and import access through its international connectivity. • A significant creative industries cluster, embodied by the BBC studios and surrounding audio-visual cluster in White City and Park Royal. • West London is home to some of the biggest blue chip organisations in the world, many of which have their headquarters located there. These include GlaxoSmithKline - Diageo - Cisco - British Airways - IBM - BBC - United Biscuits - BSkyB - Kodak - Bechtel - Carphone Warehouse. • A significant concentration of employment within the transport and logistics sector, particularly within air transport. • The main road and rail links to all parts of Britain and particularly between central London and the Thames Valley and the west of England. • Relatively strong skills base.

4. West London -Some Perceived Weaknesses • West London lags behind the rest of London in terms of per capita output – approximately 9% lower. • A higher unemployment rate than the UK average and relatively high levels of long-term unemployment - over one in every four claimants within Brent has been claiming benefit for one year or more. • Business start-up rates in west London lag the regional average by some way – there has been a large differential since the late 1990s. • Localities with significant multiple deprivation. • West London is perceived to have suffered as a result of East London’s development, which has been boosted by the of the Docklands area and the financial businesses on its western fringe.

5. Standard Deviation of Sub-Regional GDP per Capita for UK Regions

9. Employment by Sector (as a proportion of total employment)

10. Employment Growth (Compound Annual Growth Rate) 1998-2002 Source: Annual Business Inquiry

13. Employment (as a proportion of total employment) in selected service sectors Source: Annual Business Inquiry

15. Source: SEEDA

16. West London – Economic Structure • West London is largely differentiated from other neighbouring sub-regional economies due to its high level of employment in transport and communications, and the distribution, hotels & restaurants sector. • West London employs a small proportion of its workforce (in comparison with neighbouring sub-regions) within banking, finance and insurance.  • It also has a relatively small proportion of employment in public sector activities, compared with surrounding areas. •  West London possesses a real strength in the digital media sector. However, comparing west London with the Thames Valley we find that there is a considerable differential in IT and communications sector (which includes software development) employment. •  West London is under-represented in comparison with a number of its neighbours in the business and management consultancy sector. Only north London has a lower proportion of its employment within this sector.

17. Growth Constraints • Perhaps a key constraint to business growth in west London is the apparent lack of economic connectivity with neighbouring areas such as Central London and the Thames Valley. • It has an obvious strength in the transport and communications sectors, but lacks a critical mass of other tradable specialisms in the knowledge-based sectors (with the exception of the creative industries). • Business start-up rates in west London lag the regional average, and are not occurring in those sectors that have a high growth potential. • There is little evidence that current business support mechanisms are creating the level of business growth required in west London, particularly for high value-added businesses, where market failures are often more difficult to address.

18. Concluding Remarks • In order to develop the west London economy, the sub-region should also seek to integrate itself more with its surrounding sub-regional economies. • Whilst the Thames Valley, Surrey, Buckinghamshire and Central London have a large density of knowledge-based employment, the same cannot be said of west London – which is wedged between these sub-regions. • The proximity of central London, as well as its proximity to the Thames Valley and other high-performing South East England sub-regions, means that West London is within the centre of the UK’s most competitive regions. • Given its location and transport links, west London has an opportunity to capitalise upon the opportunities on offer as a result of its location by increasing interaction and acting as a ‘bridge’ between central London and the Thames Valley.