UMTS

1. UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) Telefónica Móviles España

2. What is UMTS? • UMTS is one of the major new 'third generation' (3G) mobile communications systems being developed within the framework defined by the ITU and known as IMT-2000. • UMTS will enable the wireless Information Society, delivering high-value broadband information, commerce and entertainment services to mobile users via fixed, wireless and satellite networks. • UMTS will speed convergence between telecommunications, IT, media and content industries to deliver new services and create fresh revenue-generating opportunities.

3. UMTS advantages • Always-on • Personalised • Location aware • Real-time and flexible • Greater range of enriched multimedia services • Higher data rates for a greater number of users • Lower costs in long-term because of network efficiencies • IP transport in access and core networks • Separation of control and transport functionalities • IP multimedia services for mobile devices

4. Internet Contents • Video on-demand • Interactive video services • Radio and television • Entertainment services • Location based services • Internet access • E-mail • Real-time images transfer • Multimedia documents transfer Telecommunications • Mobility • Circuit switching services • Packet switching services Convergence of media, data & telecom UMTS

5. MOBILE NETWORK OPERATOR MOBILE INTERNET PROVIDER CONTENTS PROVIDER MOBILE PORTAL SERVICES PROVIDER Where will be each one? A new value chain

6. UMTS services forecast • Simple and rich voice • Location Based Services • Business and consumer MMS • Mobile Internet Access • Mobile Intranet/Extranet Access • Customised Infotainment

7. UMTS General Architecture UMTS basic architecture is split into: • User equipment (UE): Equipment used by the user to access UMTS services. • Infrastructure: Physical nodes which perform several functions required to terminate the radio interface and to support the telecommunications services requirements of the users.

8. PSTN/ISDN Other PLMN INTERNET INTRANETS UMTS Basic Architecture Release 99 ME MS Circuit Domain BTS BSC MSC/VLR GMSC GSM BSS HLR UE Node B RNC SGSN GGSN ME UTRAN Packet Domain Core Network Radio Access Network

9. UMTS Basic Architecture Release 99 • UMTS architecture Release 99 is an evolution of GSM/GPRS system, with a new radio interface based on WCDMA technology, that allows to offer new services with high capacity. • Despite UMTS radioaccess network is new, UMTS core network is similar to GSM/GPRS core network. • UMTS core network is split into two different switching domains: • Circuit switching (CS): Based on GSM model. • Packet switching (PS): Based on GPRS model.

10. USIM MT TE ME UE User Equipment Domain The user equipment is sub-divided into: • Mobile Equipment Domain (ME): Performs radio transmission and contains applications. It consists of: • Mobile termination (MT): Radio transmission and related functions. • Terminal Equipment (TE): Contains end-to-end applications. • User Identity Module Domain (USIM): Contains data and procedures which unambiguously and securely identify itself.

11. Infrastructure Domain The Infrastructure Domain is split into: • Access Network Domain: Consists of the physical entities which manage the resources of the access network and provides the user with a mechanism to access to Core Network Domain. In UMTS the access network is the UTRAN (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network). • Core Network Domain: Consists of the physical entities which provide support for the network features and telecommunications services.

12. Node B Access Network Domain - UTRAN UTRAN (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) is the radio access network in UMTS. UTRAN consists of a set of Radio Network Subsystems (RNS) connected to Core Network. • A RNS consists of the Radio Network Controller (RNC) and one or more Node Bs. Each RNS is responsible for the resources of its set of cells. • RNC is responsible for the handover decisions that require signalling to the UE. It is equivalent to BSC in GSM network. • Node B is responsible for radio transmission/reception in one or more cells to/from UE. It is equivalent to BTS in GSM network. RNS RNC RNC Node B

13. 2100 2150 2200 2250 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 MHz 60 30 15 20 60 30 15 UMTS TDD UMTS satellite UMTS FDD GSM 1800 and DECT 20/35 MHz for UTRA “unpaired” 2 x 60 MHz for UTRA “paired” Spectrum allocation in Europe A Node B can support FDD mode, TDD mode or dual-mode operation. UTRA: UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access TDD: Time Division Duplex FDD: Frecuency Division Duplex

14. Radio access technology - WCDMA • Wideband Code-Division Multiple-Access (W-CDMA) is one of the main technologies for the implementation of third-generation (3G) cellular systems. • W-CDMA is based on CDMA, a digital multiple access technique specified by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) as "IS-95.“ • In W-CDMA interface different users can simultaneously transmit at different data rates and data rates can even vary in time. • The radio access scheme is direct-sequence CDMA with information spread over a bandwidth of about 5 MHz with a chip rate of 3.84 Mcps. Modulation is dual-channel QPSK.

15. CDMA Technology • CDMA (Code-Division Multiple-Access) is a "spread spectrum" technology, which means that it spreads the information contained in a particular signal of interest over a much greater bandwidth than the original signal. • With CDMA, unique digital codes, rather than separate RF frequencies or channels, are used to differentiate subscribers. The codes are shared by both the mobile station (cellular phone) and the base station, and are called "pseudo-Random Code Sequences." All users share the same range of radio spectrum. • Because of the wide bandwidth of a spread spectrum signal, it is very difficult to jam, difficult to interfere with, and difficult to identify.

16. Benefits of CDMA • Capacity increase. • Improved call quality, with better and more consistent sound. • Simplified system planning through the use of the same frequency in every sector of every cell. • Enhanced privacy. • Improved coverage characteristics, allowing for the possibility of fewer cell sites. • Increased talk time for mobile devices. • Bandwidth on demand.

17. Core Network Domain The Core Network Domain consists of the physical entities which provide support for the network features and telecommunications services. The support provided includes functionality such as: • Management of user location. • Control of network features and services. • Transfer (switching and transmission) mechanisms for signalling and user generated information.

18. Core Network Domain The Core Network Domain is sub-divided into: • Serving Network Domain: Represents functions that are local to the user’s access point and thus their location changes when the user moves. It is responsible for routing calls and for the transport of user data/information from source to destination. • Home Network Domain: Represents functions that are conducted at a permanent location regardless of the location of the user’s access point. It contains at least permanently user specific data and is responsible for management of subscription information. • Transit Network Domain: It is located on the communication path between the serving network domain and the remote party.

19. UMTS security architecture UMTS security architecture consists of the security features and security mechanisms that assure the confidentiality, integrity, authentication and anti-replay protection. Five security features are defined: • Network access security (I): Provides users with secure access to UMTS services, and which in particular protect against attacks on the (radio) access link. • Network domain security (II): Enables nodes in the provider domain to securely exchange signalling data and protect against attacks on the wireline network. • User domain security (III): Secures access to mobile stations. • Application domain security (IV): Enables applications in the user and in the provider domain to securely exchange messages. • Visibility and configurability of security (V): Enables the user to be • informed if a security feature is in operation or not.

20. UMTS launching in TME 1 June 2002: Technical launching • 750 base stations have been installed in 21 Spanish cities (16 cities with more than 250000 inhabitants + 4 cities of interest). • Network equipment suppliers (Circuit Switching): Nortel and Ericsson. • Technical tests of basic services over the network.

21. UMTS launching in TME Second semester 2003: Commercial launching • The degree of madurity of 3G technology and the standardization of operating platforms and systems will determine the commercial launching of services. • Besides it mainly depends on the availability of terminals. • The proposed basic packet of services consists of: • Voice transmission • Circuit-switching data transmission (64 kbps) • Packet-switching data transmission (64 kbps) • Handover (UMTS)

22. Links • 3GPP www.3gpp.org • UMTS Specifications http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs • UMTS Forum www.umts-forum.org