By : Daniel Coleman II Chemistry 5 th Hour

1. Norbert Rillieux By: Daniel Coleman II Chemistry 5th Hour

2. Life History • Rillieux was born March 17th ,1806 a He was well privileged for a Southern A.A. and he was well educated. • Later on Rillieux's father sent Norbert to France where he studied engineering. He found a teaching post in applied mechanics at his Paris alma mater (Place in Paris near Notre Dame). He began to do research on steam and its effects, and began working on the problem of evaporating moisture .

3. ……. • Ten years after Rillieux started his research and observations, he tested his multi-effect vacuum evaporating chamber. It was a bulky locomotive-sized apparatus containing a network of condensing coils for evaporating raw cane juice. Norbert used it to evaporate the liquid part of sugar cane juice more efficiently and safely, and less expensively than the open-kettle system. Rillieux was unable to persuade sugar cane plantation owners to buy his machinery for several years. But its superiority became apparent almost immediately once it began to be used.

4. The Workplace • Norbert worked at a sugar refinarywhere he learned the process of refining sugar, and that’s how he discovered how to make the sugar evaporator.

5. Education Requirements • His work required the profession of Engineering, in which he had because his father, Vincent Rillieux, was one and he learned his fathers profession. He also learned a lot from his Catholic Schools he went to. The main one was L'EcoleCentrale in Paris. Engineering

6. The Sugar Man • Norbert Rillieux soon became known as “The Sugar Man” because of his invention named the multi-effect vacuum evaporating chamber

7. The Sugar Cane/Beet Back then slaves used to pick these so-called sugar cane sticks, and later extract the sugar out of them.

8. Chemical Products Involved Norbert’s invention(The Rillieux Evaporator) required vapor and condensation. Norbert used the process of evaporation to evaporate moisture from cane juice while lowering heat to produce a whiter, more refined, sugar crystal. The device heated the sugar cane juice in a partial vacuum, reducing its boiling point, allowing much greater fuel efficiency.

9. History of Their Work • Refining sugar had been a labor-intensive process, involving the handling of boiling hot liquids. The slaves on the plantations performed most of this labor. Rillieux's inventions increased sugar production and reduced production costs. However, the most important thing was that his inventions protected lives by ending the older dangerous methods of sugar production.

10. The Significance of This • In making the evaporator, Norbert help make the production of sugar increase drastically among people and safely saved time and money .He also saved the slaves a lot of work that would have needed to be done it the field. PS : This Invention was made and patented in 1846 so there was a lot of slavery going on then.

11. Affecting Todays Life • Norbert’s invention inspired others to make a product like his so that they can use it to process sugar faster. We all eat sugar daily even from breakfast to dinner.

12. 21st Century • There is a new smaller version of rillieux’s vacuum evaporator. This is the new device they use to process sugar from sugar cane and sugar beets.

13. Internet Resources • http://www.madehow.com/inventorbios/0/Norbert-Rillieux.html • http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrillieux.htm • http://www.aaregistry.com/detail.php?id=530 • http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrillieux1.htm(The Patent)

14. The End • Rillieux returned to France and became headmaster of the L'ecoleCentrale. He began to study Egyptology there and helped deciphere hieroglyphics. • Norbert Rillieux died 1894 • By: Daniel Coleman II