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Universal laws and architectures : Theory and lessons from brains, bugs, nets, grids,

Universal laws and architectures : Theory and lessons from brains, bugs, nets, grids, docs, planes, fire, fashion, art, turbulence, music, buildings, cities , earthquakes, bodies, running, throwing , S y n e s t h e s i a , spacecraft, statistical mechanics. Slow. Architecture.

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Universal laws and architectures : Theory and lessons from brains, bugs, nets, grids,

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  1. Universal laws • and architectures: • Theory and lessonsfrombrains, bugs,nets, grids, • docs, planes, fire, fashion, • art, turbulence, music, buildings, • cities, earthquakes, bodies, running,throwing, • Synesthesia, spacecraft, statistical mechanics Slow Architecture Impossible (law) Fast Flexible Inflexible Special General

  2. vision fast slow Slow Act 8 delay vision Fragility eye Universal laws VOR 4 Fast 1 Slow 10 fragile Flexible too fragile Inflexible thin small 2 Laws fragile Impossible (law) complex 1 Fast Survive No tradeoff .05 .1 1 .2 .5 Length (meters) 0 thick big 10 robust -1 0 1 10 10 10 Flexible Inflexible expensive cheap costly Multiply

  3. Starting point Chiang, Low, Calderbank, and Doyle

  4. Universal Turing Machine Slow Architecture Impossible (law) Fast Inflexible Flexible Special General

  5. Tech implications/extensions Apps OS Slow OS Hardware Digital Lumped Distributed HW Fast Inflexible Flexible Apps

  6. Layered architectures Deconstrained (Applications) Diverse Apps Constrained But hidden Core Protocols OS HW Diverse Deconstrained (Hardware)

  7. Slow Apps OS HW Fast Inflexible Flexible Special General

  8. Slow Apps OS HW Fast Inflexible Flexible Special General

  9. Layered Architecture Any layer needs all lower layers. Apps OS HW Digital Lumped Distrib. OS HW Digital Lumped Distrib. Digital Lumped Distrib. Lumped Distrib. Distrib. Slow Cheap Fast Costly Inflexible Flexible Special General

  10. Decide Act Digital Lumped Lumped. Apps OS Hardware Digital Lumped Sense

  11. Fragile Decide Slow Apps OS Hardware Digital Lumped Inflexible Act vision Expensive delay Act Sense

  12. Efficiency/instability/layers/feedback Fragile • All create new efficiencies but also instabilities • Requires new active/layered/complex/active control Slow Inflexible • Money/finance/lobbyists/etc • Society/agriculture/weapons/etc • Bipedalism • Maternal care • Warm blood • Flight • Mitochondria • Translation (ribosomes) • Glycolysis (2011 Science) Expensive

  13. Mechanics+ Gravity + Light + Completing the story vision Balancing an inverted pendulum delay + Neuroscience Act

  14. Speed and flexibility tradeoffs Concrete case studies? Theorems ? Slow fragile Fast robust Flexible Inflexible

  15. vision fast eye slow Act delay Slow vision VOR Fast Inflexible Flexible

  16. delay=death sense Spine move

  17. Reflect Reflex sense Spine move

  18. Reflect Reflex sense Spine move

  19. Reflect Layered? Reflex sense Spine move

  20. Reflect Layered? Reflex sense Spine move

  21. Layered architectures? Physiology Organs Cortex Cortex Cortex Cells Neurons Neurons Neurons Cells

  22. Reflect Prediction Goals Actions Layered Actions Reflex sense errors Spine move

  23. Meta-layers Prediction Goals Actions Physiology Organs Actions Cortex errors

  24. There are 10x feedback neurons Why? Visual Cortex ? Visual Thalamus 10x There are 10x feedback neurons

  25. There are 10x feedback neurons No feedback Why? Visual Cortex ? Visual Thalamus Why not? 10x

  26. Unfortunately, not intelligent design Ouch.

  27. Why? left recurrent laryngeal nerve

  28. Why? Building humans from fish parts. Fish parts

  29. It could be worse.

  30. What are the consequences? Physiology Organs Prediction Goals Actions Prediction Goals Actions Conscious perception errors Why? 10x Visual Cortex ? Visual Thalamus

  31. Which blue line is longer?

  32. Which blue line is longer?

  33. Which blue line is longer?

  34. Which blue line is longer?

  35. Which blue line is longer?

  36. Which blue line is longer?

  37. Which blue line is longer? With social pressure, this one. Standard social psychology experiment.

  38. Seeing is dreaming 3D +time Simulation Zzzzzz….. Conscious perception Conscious perception

  39. Same size?

  40. Same size

  41. Same size

  42. Same size Toggle between this slide and the ones before and after Even when you “know” they are the same, they appear different

  43. Same size? Vision: evolved for complex simulation and control, not 2d static pictures Even when you “know” they are the same, they appear different

  44. Seeing is dreaming 3D +time Simulation + complex models (“priors”) Zzzzzz….. Conscious perception Conscious perception

  45. Seeing is dreaming 3D +time Simulation + complex models (“priors”) Prediction Conscious perception Conscious perception errors

  46. Seeing is dreaming 3D +time Simulation + complex models (“priors”) Prediction Seeing is believing Conscious perception Conscious perception errors

  47. Seeing is dreaming Our most integrated perception of the world 3D +time Simulation + complex models (“priors”) Prediction Seeing is believing Conscious perception Conscious perception errors

  48. Seeing is dreaming 3D +time Simulation + complex models (“priors”) Zzzzzz….. Conscious perception Conscious perception

  49. Seeing is dreaming 3D +time Simulation + complex models (“priors”) Prediction &Control Conscious perception Conscious perception errors

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