Committee 140 Life Cycle Performance & Cost

1. Committee 140Life Cycle Performance & Cost Paul Tourney - Chair Peter DeNicola “You Call It Sustainability, We Call It Concrete Repair”

2. Committee 140 - Life Cycle Performance & Cost MISSION Provide industry guidance for decisions based on both the service extension and economic impact of concrete repairs. GOALS Develop technical guideline on managing the serviceability of concrete structures through a “cradle to grave” approach using preventative maintenance systems and quality concrete repairs.

3. Committee 140 - Life Cycle Performance & Cost Current Membership: Paul Tourney Pete DiNicola Dale Campbell Jason Dunster Kevin Earley Eric Edelson Greg Gilmor Fred Goodwin Joshua Hollis Graeme Jones Richard McGuire Mike Parker Chris Perego Matt Sherman Consulting Members: Frank Apicella James McDonald Jessi Meyer

4. Committee 140 - Life Cycle Performance & Cost Expanded Objectives: • Use excellent work efforts of other ICRI committees. • Develop tools for owners and engineers to promote and justify better concrete repairs. • Decision Tree on “Cradle to Grave” of structures and the maintenance options. • Guidelines for use of the decision tree system. • Provide a series of project case studies for demonstration of SLP / LCCA for optimal management of concrete structure assets. • Liaison with ACI and ISO Committees to build consensus.

5. Importance of Concrete Repair Sustainability Type of Structure #New #Existing Grade Highway Bridges 1,000 600,000+ C Highway Roads X 100X D- Parking Garages 400 25,000+ C Dams 10 4,000 D

6. Importance of Concrete Repair Sustainability Type of Structure #New #Existing Grade Highway Bridges 1,000 600,000+ C Highway Roads X 100X D- Parking Garages 400 25,000+ C Dams 10 4,000 D # 1 Build new structures to last longer! # 2 Maintain and repair existing structures to significantly extend the time to subsequent repair. The backlog numbers are against us!!

7. Balance of Asset Management of Existing Structures: Periodic Evaluations Repair Service Life Life Cycle Cost

8. TIME LINES of LCCA Activity Time Line Service Life Predictions Cost Time Line

9. TIME LINES of LCCA New Structure “Birth Certificates” Building Code Condition Assessment Contamination Visual Corrosion Cracking Degradation Historic Preservation Preventative Maintenance Planned Maintenance (Repeat) Due Diligence Alternate Use Reuse Routine Maintenance Maintenance Plan Salvage Routine Demolition Inspection (Repeat) Abatement Disposal Death Inspections Repair Option 1 Option 2 Existing Structure All Documents Option 3 Service Life Expectation Safety , Code, ADA Repair , Restoration Option 4 Threshold damage Quality Control / Assurance Service Life Expectation $ SLM

10. Life Cycle Costing Net Present Value (NPV) NPV = Today Cost /(1 + Effective Interest Rate (i)) **(years from today) • What is the $$$ needed to put away today to take care of facility for the expected service life? • Related to the opportunity cost. General rules. • Dollars spent in the future is lower cost than dollars spent today. • Higher the interest rate the greater the premise. • Dollars NOT spent today will result in high Life Cycle Costs.

11. Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) Discount Rate = i $Z $Y $X T1 T2 T3 NPV = [$X/ (1+i)T1 + $Y/ (1+i)T2 + $Z/ (1+i)T3]

12. Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) Discount Rate = i $U $V $W $X $Y $Z New Today T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 NPVLife= [$U/ (1+i)T1 + $V/ (1+i)T2 + $W/ (1+i)T3] + …. NPVToday= [$U + $V/ (1+i)T3-T2 + $W/ (1+i)T4-T3] + ….

13. Case 1 End of Serviceability X Repairs 4 3 2 I Corrosion Damage Damage New Construction Repaired Damage Corrosion Initiation Chloride Contamination Period Ref. Tuutti TIME

14. Case 1 End of Serviceability X Repairs 4 3 2 I Corrosion Damage Damage Cost New Construction Repaired Damage Corrosion Initiation Chloride Contamination Period Current Cost Ref. Tuutti TIME

15. Case 1 End of Serviceability X i = 7.5% 4 3 NPVLife = 0.168 2 NPVToday = 1.024 I Damage Cost 0.6 0.5 0.4 Today 0.3 New T 25 +5 +5 +5 Ref. Tuutti TIME

16. Case 2 End of Serviceability X Repairs Corrosion Damage I Damage New Construction Corrosion Initiation Chloride Contamination Period Repaired Damage Ref. Tuutti TIME

17. Case 2 End of Serviceability X Repairs Corrosion Damage I Damage Cost New Construction Corrosion Initiation Current Cost Chloride Contamination Period Repaired Damage Ref. Tuutti TIME

18. Case 2 End of Serviceability X i = 7.5% NPVLife = 0.115 NPVToday = 0.70 I Damage Cost 0.7 Today New T 25 Ref. Tuutti TIME

19. Case 3 End of Serviceability X Preventative Maintenance Damage Corrosion Damage New Construction Corrosion Initiation Chloride Contamination Period Repair I P P Ref. Tuutti TIME

20. Case 3 End of Serviceability X Preventative Maintenance Damage Cost Corrosion Damage New Construction Corrosion Initiation Chloride Contamination Period Current Cost Repair I P P Ref. Tuutti TIME

21. Case 3 End of Serviceability i = 7.5% NPVLife = 0.089 [Case 1 = 0.168] [Case 3 = 0.115] NPVToday = 0.146 [Case 1 = 1.024] [Case 3 = 0.70] Damage Cost Preventative Maintenance Today 0.3 New 0.1 0.1 I T P P 12 8 5 +10 Ref. Tuutti TIME

22. Life Cycle Cost Comparison

23. TIME LINES of Service Life New Structure “Birth Certificates” Building Code Condition Assessment Contamination Visual Corrosion Cracking Degradation Historic Preservation Preventative Maintenance Planned Maintenance (Repeat) Due Diligence Alternate Use Reuse Routine Maintenance Maintenance Plan Salvage Routine Demolition Inspection (Repeat) Abatement Disposal Death Inspections Repair Option 1 Option 2 Existing Structure All Documents Option 3 Service Life Expectation Safety , Code, ADA Repair , Restoration Option 4 Threshold damage Quality Control / Assurance Service Life Expectation $ SLM