1 / 36

Understanding a Metaboliq Lifestyle Dr. Donald K. Layman

Understanding a Metaboliq Lifestyle Dr. Donald K. Layman. Health Benefits with Increased Protein. For Treatment or Prevention of : obesity Metabolic Syndrome type 2 diabetes sarcopenia osteoporosis heart disease. Layman et al. AJCN 87: 1571S, 2008 Heaney & Layman AJCN: 1567S, 2008.

dewitt
Download Presentation

Understanding a Metaboliq Lifestyle Dr. Donald K. Layman

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Understanding a Metaboliq Lifestyle Dr. Donald K. Layman

  2. Health Benefits with Increased Protein • For Treatment or Prevention of: • obesity • Metabolic Syndrome • type 2 diabetes • sarcopenia • osteoporosis • heart disease Layman et al. AJCN 87: 1571S, 2008 Heaney & Layman AJCN: 1567S, 2008

  3. Current nutrition “beliefs” and guidelines • - avoid fat • - limit animal products (cholesterol and SFA) • - increase fiber (using whole grains) • - eat small meals • - use fat-free foods • - use snacks with low calorie density • - express food as % of energy (% kcals) • total daily nutrition Belief: high Carb, low fat, low protein diets are best

  4. USDA Food Guide Pyramid fats milk cheese meat fish, eggs 2-3 servings 2-3 servings 2-4 servings 3-5 servings vegetables fruits bread, cereal, rice & pasta 6-11 servings

  5. Changes in U.S. diet (1970 – 2000) • red meat (25%) • dairy (30%) • eggs (40%) • grains (decreased vegetables) • fruit juices (decreased fruits) • sodas • snack foods (refined carbohydrates)

  6. Energy Sources for Women and Children* top six: 1. grain-based desserts and snacks 2. yeast breads 3. pasta 4. pizza 5. chicken, chicken products 6. soda, sport drinks * Source: Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, 2010

  7. G. Bray; J Am Med Assoc. (2012) Effect of dietary protein content on weight gain, energy expenditure, and body composition during overeating Compared diets with 5%, 15%, and 25% protein Overfed subjects by ~1000 kcal/day (8 weeks) Headline: “low protein diet blunted energy storage and weight gain” Protein intakes: 46 g, 140 g, 230 g/day

  8. Problems with Percentages --USDA Food Guide Pyramid: (55% : 15% : 30%)-- kcal/day Carbs (g/d) protein (g/d) lipids (g/d) 3500 481 131 117 2300 316 86 77 1500 208 56 50 RDA for protein: 81 kg x 0.8 g/kg = 65 g/d

  9. Understanding Calories… Calories are not an exact science counting calories seldom works… % of calories is misleading • portion control • satiety • thermogenesis • balance

  10. Understanding Protein… Myth: “Adults eat more protein than they need!” adults eat more protein than the minimum to prevent deficiencies minimum needs vs. optimum health

  11. Protein: 0.8 g/kg 2.5 g/kg IOM Protein Guidelines: DRIs upper limit RDA Risk of Adverse Affects Risk of Inadequacy acceptable intake

  12. Metabolic Advantages of Dietary Protein • Advantages: • - improves body composition • ↓ body fat, ↑ lean tissue • - increased thermogenesis • (increased protein turnover) • - increased satiety • - stabilizes blood sugar

  13. Adult Protein Needs: major points 1. Adults decrease efficiency of amino acid use 2. Limiting amino acids versus leucine signaling 3. Need for meal distribution of dietary protein

  14. Protein Turnover: Growth vs Aging Protein Turnover = synthesis - breakdown 16 y.o. = 253 g/d - 250 g/d growth 60 y.o. = 250 g/d - 250.01 g/d aging

  15. Protein needs for adults • Aging reduces amino acid efficiency • - loss of growth (anabolic drive) • Need for higher protein quality

  16. protein needs physical activity Protein needs for adults Sedentary lifestyle increases protein needs

  17. Athletes understand • Muscle health: • repair • rebuild

  18. Adult Protein Needs: major points 1. Adults decrease efficiency of amino acid use 2. Limiting amino acids versus leucine signaling

  19. “minimum” protein requirement Amino acids are required as … “building blocks” for new proteins Protein quality = limiting amino acids: (lysine, methionine)

  20. Metabolic requirement: leucine neurotransmitters (mood, appetite) gut hormones (GLP1, CCK) Leucine - mTOR (protein synthesis) muscle health amino acid signaling GCN2 (ER stress) vascular health (nitric oxide) SIRT-1 (mitochondrial biogenesis)

  21. insulin glucose glucose GLUT 4 p110 p85 GLUT 1 PI3-k IRS-1 PKC Akt GLUT 4 vesicle leucine mTOR 4E-BP1 eIF4E eIF4E eIF4G p70s6K 4A eIF4F complex Protein Synthesis Muscle cell

  22. Leucine signal = “meal” requirement Leucine signal requires about 3.0 grams of dietary leucine … or 30 grams of protein

  23. Adult Protein Needs: major points 1. Adults decrease efficiency of amino acid use 2. Limiting amino acids versus leucine signaling 3. Need for meal distribution of dietary protein

  24. Common Meal Pattern: Unbalanced Protein Distribution response range for protein synthesis (skeletal muscle) Breakfast Lunch Dinner ~10 g ~20 g ~60 g protein protein protein

  25. Meal Patterns: Unbalanced Protein Distribution Balanced Protein Distribution Optimum Protein Synthesis Breakfast Lunch Dinner Breakfast Lunch Dinner ~10 g ~20 g ~60 g ~30 g ~30 g ~30 g protein protein protein protein protein protein Layman Nutr & Metab 6:12, 2009

  26. Satiety: breakfast protein vs Carbs Metaboliq balance at breakfast  ghrelin (hunger),  PYY (satiety)  calories at lunch 4:00 - MRI -  brain “desire” for snacks evening -  snacking

  27. Thermogenesis: breakfast protein vs Carbs Protein burns calories “diet induced thermogenesis” Protein synthesis:  muscle ATP (energy)  mitochondria  fat burning

  28. Metabolic Flexibility: protein vs Carbs

  29. Metabolic Flexibility: protein vs Carbs

  30. Metabolic Flexibility: protein vs Carbs

  31. Understanding Carbs… No dietary need for carbohydrates RDA = 130 g/d average American = 350 g/d Myth: “Adults need to increase whole grain cereals” Need for - vegetables - fruits

  32. Understanding Carbs… High Carb diets produce excessive insulin - causes fat storage - causes inflammation - increases LDL-cholesterol Carb threshold per meal is less than 40 grams exercise increases use by muscles sedentary behavior shifts to fat storage

  33. Understanding Carbs… Myth: “fructose is bad for you” Myth: “beans are a good source of protein” Myth: “bread is better for you than sugar”

  34. Understanding Fats… Fats are required for every cell in our body Fats are an efficient energy store Fatty acids are essential nutrients Myth: “SFA cause heart disease” Excess dietary energy combined with high Carbs causes inflammation and arterial damage

  35. The METABOLIQ approach… • balance high quality protein at meals • reduce carbohydrates (processed grains) • select reduced fat foods • (avoid fried foods, snacks, desserts, etc) • increase fiber (vegetables and berries) • breakfast is most important meal • Goal: correct individual meals

  36. THANK YOU!

More Related