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What IS LIGHT? ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

What IS LIGHT? ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES. REVIEW. A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another is called a wave . The source of any wave is a vibration . A substance or region through which a wave is transmitted is called a medium .

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What IS LIGHT? ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

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  1. What IS LIGHT?ELECTROMAGNETICWAVES

  2. REVIEW • A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another is called a wave. • The source of any wave is a vibration. • A substance or region through which a wave is transmitted is called a medium. • Mechanical waves, such as sound waves, require a medium to travel.

  3. Electromagnetic Waves • An electromagnetic wave consists of vibrating electric and magnetic fields. • Electric fields surrounds every charged object. • Electric field around a charged object pulls oppositely charged objects toward it and repels like objects. • Magnetic field are areas where an object exhibits a magnetic influence. • An electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave that transfers electrical and magnetic energy. • Transverse waves do NOT require a medium to travel • Unlike sound waves, electromagnetic waves can travel in a vacuum, which means they can travel through space.

  4. In order to create the vibrating electric and magnetic fields that are characteristic of an electromagnetic wave, electronsmust move.

  5. How are electromagnetic waves created? • Electrons are arranged in energy levels. • electrons with the lowest energy are found closest to the nucleus • electrons with higher energy are found farther away from the nucleus • If an electron moves closer tothe nucleus, energy is released. • When the particles vibrate, the electric field also vibrate. • When the electric field start vibrating, a vibrating magnetic field is created. • Both these fields form electromagnetic waves. • The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves is calledradiation.

  6. The Speed of Light • Speed of electromagnetic waves – • 300,000,000 meters/second (880,000 times faster than sound) • Takes light 8 minutes to travel from the sun to earth {150 million km} at this speed.

  7. SUMMARY • All electromagnetic wavestravel at the same speed – 300,000,000 m/s in a vacuum • They all have different wavelengthsand different frequencies. • Longer wavelength  lowest frequency • Shorter wavelength  highest frequency • The higher the frequency the higher the energy.

  8. Types of Electromagnetic Waves • Radio waves • Microwaves (a type of radio wave) • Infrared light • Visible light – red, orange, yellow, green, blue, & violet • Ultraviolet light (UV) • X-rays • Gamma rays

  9. Electromagnetic Spectrum

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