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Fulldome Display Specifications: A Proposal. Ed Lantz President Visual Bandwidth, Inc. ed@visualbandwidth.com. Fulldome Standards Summit L’Hemispheric CIUDAD DE LAS ARTES Y LAS CIENCIAS Valencia, Spain July 7-8, 2004. Fulldome Systems. Single Projector (Fisheye).
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Fulldome Display Specifications: A Proposal • Ed Lantz • President • Visual Bandwidth, Inc. • ed@visualbandwidth.com Fulldome Standards SummitL’HemisphericCIUDAD DE LAS ARTES Y LAS CIENCIASValencia, SpainJuly 7-8, 2004
Fulldome Systems Single Projector(Fisheye) Multi-Projector Edge-Blended
Edge-Blended Projection Polar Source is Split Into Sub-Frames and Edge-Blended Sub Frame 1 Sub Frame 2 Sub Frame 3 Sub Frame 4
Many Projection Configurations Five Projectors Six Projectors Seven Projectors
Plethora of Projector Technologies • DLP - Digital Light Processor • LCoS - Liquid Crystal on Silicon • CRT - Cathode Ray Tube • Scanned Laser • GLV - Grating Light Valve
IPS Display Specification Standard: Goals • First-cut specifications for displays only • Should expand to include image generator specs • Ultimate spec must be a collaborative effort • Independent of screen diameter & reflectivity • Should be similar to shopping for video projector • System level specifications • We’re interested in what would be measured on dome, not individual projector performance
Brightness Measurements Display Brightness (fL) = Screen Reflectance * Light Output (lumens)/Screen Area (sq. ft.)
Brightness/Color Uniformity Measurements Bpp (%) = (Bmax – Bmin)/Bavg * 100
Color Uniformity 1931 CIE x,y Chromaticity Diagram Courtesy LEDtronics, Inc.
Color Uniformity and delta E MacAdam ellipses shown on the CIE 1931 (x,y) chromaticity diagram at 10x magnification [Wyszecki 1982]
Color Uniformity - conclusion Do we want to ask our industry to purchase and utilize spectrophotometers? Perhaps not. For now we can be assured of first-order color uniformity by requiring Color Uniformity and Blend Uniformity specifications to hold for all three primary colors in addition to white. This technique makes the assumption that the RGB primaries on all projectors are well matched at the factory.
Resolution 50% MTF Requirement for Defining CRT Resolution
References [Wyszecki 1982] G. Wyszecki & W.S. Stiles, Color Science: Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1982 [Halsted 1993] Charles P. Halsted, “Brightness, Luminance, and Confusion,” Society for Information Display, March 1993, http://www.crompton.com/wa3dsp/light/lumin.html
In Planning: SIGGRAPH 2005 Fulldome Venue Los Angeles Convention Center
Please review this spec and provide your feedback for our proceedings!Thank you. • Ed Lantz • President • Visual Bandwidth, Inc. • ed@visualbandwidth.com