1 / 31

Internetworking and HTTP

Learn about internetworking - connecting computer networks, key devices, and protocols. Explore HTTP and its role in web application development, including requests, responses, and protocols. Understand the importance of internet implementation for optimal web app performance.

dfrank
Download Presentation

Internetworking and HTTP

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Internetworking and HTTP Web Application Development

  2. Agenda • Internetworking, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses, protocol data units (PDUs) • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

  3. Internetworking Web Application Development

  4. What is Internetworking? • Literally, internet means “between networks” • A computer network is a collection of electronically programmable devices connected by a communications medium. • An internetwork is a collection of computer networks connected by a communications media. Perhaps the most famous internetwork is the Internet. • Internetworking is the implementation of internetworks.

  5. Why is internetworking important? • It is important for web developers to understand the concept of internetworking for the same reason that it is important for automobile drivers to understand the concept of roads. • The effectiveness of a web application can depend significantly upon the internet implementation upon which the applications run—the capacity of a connection versus the number of users using the connection—just as the duration of a road trip may depend on the roads—the quality of the roads versus the number of other drivers on the roads. • Sometimes underlying internetworking issues must be considered in order to optimize web application performance. In extreme cases, web apps can even be made to function in off-line mode. See video: Taking Your Web Apps Offline

  6. Bus Topology Within a network, computers can communicate directly with each other. Image source: Novell.com

  7. * Network segment is not the same as TCP segment Network Segments* Switches and hubs can be used to increase the number of devices using the same network. • “According to the defining IEEE 802.3 standards for Ethernet, a network segment is an electrical connection between networked devices using a shared medium.” • Source: Wikipedia Hub Switch Image source: CCNA Study Guide (Sixth Edition)

  8. Network devices • Hub • Bridge • Switch (MAC address) • Router (IP address) Other Concepts • Collision Domain • Broadcast Domain Hub Image source: CCNA Study Guide (Sixth Edition)

  9. Collision and broadcast Domains • A hub extends a collision domain. A hub allows more devices to connect to the same port on a switch or router. • A switch extends a broadcast domain. A switch allows more devices to connect to the same port on a switch or router. • A switch breaks up a collision domain. A switch separates sets of MAC addresses. • A router defines separate broadcast domains. A router separates sets of IP addresses.

  10. Routers Internetworking is accomplished using routers. Network 1 Network 2 Image source: Intense School

  11. Routing Tables Network 10.4.0.0 is 2 “hops” from router A Routers maintain routing tables. Image source: Techhive.com

  12. Traceroute You can find the number of hops between two Internet-connected computers. There are 16 hops from my laptop to www.google.com. Visual traceroute: https://www.monitis.com/traceroute/

  13. Routers ignore packet contents Packets of data arrive out of order. It’s up to the receiving computer to reassemble in order. Image source: Slideplayer.com

  14. End-to-end Principle • Internet Protocol (IP) is a connectionless datagram service with no delivery guarantees. • On the internet IP is used for nearly all communications. • End-to-end acknowledgment and retransmission is the responsibility of the connection-oriented Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) which sits on top of IP. • The functional split between IP and TCP exemplifies proper application of the end-to-end principle to transport protocol design. • Source: Wikipedia

  15. Network Layers Ports (TCP) IP addresses (IP) MAC addresses (Ethernet) Image source: Intense School

  16. OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection OSI Model Image source: CCNA Study Guide (Sixth Edition)

  17. TCP/IP Model Image source: clinetworking.files.wordpress.com

  18. * TCP segment is not the same as Network Segment Protocol Data Unit (PDU) • Protocol Data Units (PDUs), aka datagrams, are discrete portions of communication transmitted over a network. See also: Wikipedia. • HTTP “datagram” • TCP segment* • IP packet • Ethernet frame • Physical bits Image source: CCNA Study Guide (Sixth Edition)

  19. Analogy: Postal Networks Router Image source: Researchgate

  20. HTTP works similarly Example: email Image source: what-when-how.com

  21. HTTP Web Application Development

  22. HTTPRequest-response loop Image source: Slideshare

  23. An HTTP request is an application layer PDU HTTP Request Image source: umbc.edu

  24. HTTP Request Method URL Version Image source: tcpipguide.com

  25. Chrome Devtools

  26. Chrome Devtools – HTTP Headers

  27. Chrome Spy: Examine requests/responses Chrome Spy

  28. Chrome Spy – HTTP headers+

  29. Summary Web Application Development

  30. Now You Know a bit about • Internetworking, Internet Protocol (IP) addresses, protocol data units (PDUs) • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

  31. THE END • Thank you.

More Related