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Abuja FCT

Abuja FCT. Building a Thriving City that Contributes to Nigeria’s Development Success. Outline. Abuja FCT Population Dynamics. Population and Development: The Crucial Links. What Can We Do?. Urbanization in Nigeria. Urbanization in Nigeria. Photo by E Herrera.

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Abuja FCT

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  1. Abuja FCT Building a Thriving City that Contributes to Nigeria’s Development Success

  2. Outline Abuja FCT Population Dynamics Population and Development: The Crucial Links What Can We Do? Urbanization in Nigeria

  3. Urbanization in Nigeria Photo by E Herrera

  4. Nigeria has experienced and is still experiencing one of the fastest rates of urbanization in the world. • With growth rates in urban areas almost double those in rural areas. • Growth rates are even higher in Abuja FCT, as people flock to the city in search of greener pastures. • Photo by Shiraz Chakera

  5. Nigeria Urban/Rural Population After 2010, Nigeria became more urban than rural Rural Population Urban Population • World Population Prospects 2009

  6. Focusing on the urban population is key to Nigeria meeting its overall economic and development goals. • Nigeria will not be able to meet its MDGs or Vision 2020 without addressing the growing urban population. Photo by: Bonnie NURHI

  7. Nigeria has a Vision for Urban Development The National Urban Development Policy calls for: • Providing adequate shelter for all • Poverty reduction and economic empowerment • Ensuring environmental sustainability • Good governance and socio economic development “The Urbanization process is irreversible in Nigeria and must therefore be turned into opportunities for growth” Presentation by Permanent Secretary, Federal Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Nigeria 2005

  8. However, there are challenges with policy implementation which is resulting in poor quality of life for city residents, especially among the urban poor. • One of the key challenges in policy implementation of the urbanization plan is the rapid growth in the population of cities. • This creates a situation where the government is unable to: • Maintain and expand infrastructure • Provide adequate, high quality social services • Create an environment that is conducive for economic development • Photo by: Bonnie NURHI

  9. Abuja FCT’s Urban Population Photo by E Herrera

  10. Let’s focus on 2 urban areas

  11. Current Situation 1.4 million total population in these 2 areas On average, each woman has just under 4 children 32% of married women use a modern method of family planning More than 100 maternal deaths per year

  12. Abuja Population Structure • Source: Male Female 38% of population are under age 15 12

  13. Dependency Burden 2011 Population of Abuja, projected using the 2006 census • Source: Female Male Every adult supports 1.5 dependents 13

  14. Population and Development Photo by E Herrera

  15. Population and Economic Development are Linked . • A much larger working age population compared • to the population in young dependent ages was a • key factor in the Asian development miracle. • As families became smaller, dependency significantly declined. • Greater emphasis on population quality rather than quantity meant increased investments by the state • More and better educational opportunities emerged • Greater productivity • Investment in modern agriculture • Photo by Neajjean

  16. Vicious Circle Larger Populations to be Supported Need for More Infrastructure and Services to Meet the Needs of the Population More Women Having Children More and More Resources Needed Poverty Illiteracy Gender Inequality Large Groups of Women Entering Reproductive Age Struggle to Keep up with Current Services, Inability to Expand Poor Health Maternal Mortality Very Young Population with many Dependent Children Lack of Opportunity High Rates of Fertility

  17. A key component to the success of the Asian tigers was investment in family planning This led to improved quality of life and escalated economic development

  18. Modern Contraceptive Use Percentage of Married Women using a Modern Contraceptive Method • Source: NURHI/MLE Household Survey, 2011 and DHS and RHS Surveys

  19. Couples in Abuja FCT Want to Space their Births . • 1 in 6 of the poorest women have an unmet need for family planning • Only 1 in 5 women want a child in the next 2 years • Only 1 in 6 men want a child in the next 2 years • Almost half of the women say it would be a “big problem” if they were to become pregnant in the next few weeks • Photo by Neajjean

  20. Abuja FCT has an opportunity to improve the quality of life of its population 2 Potential Futures: RAPID Scenario 1: Maintain Current Trends What if things continued as they are now? Scenario 2: Investment in Family Planning What will happen if there is an investment in family planning and unmet need is met?

  21. Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (NURHI) is a Project that is Supporting Quality Family Planning in 6 Nigerian Cities: . • Abuja FCT • Kaduna • Ilorin • Ibadan • Benin • Zaria • NURHI aims to increase family planning by 20 percentage points in each city by providing quality services that couples can access. • Photo by Neajjean

  22. Total Populations Actual and projected total populations of the 2 Abuja FCT areas Difference of more than half a million people Abuja Base Scenario Abuja NURHI Scenario

  23. Impacts on Different Sectors Health Education Infrastructure • Photos by Bonnie NURHI

  24. “All stakeholders need to appreciate the linkages of population factors with broader development issues like housing, education, health, agriculture, energy, environment, gender concerns, food security and the security of lives and property.” Nigeria National Policy on Population for Sustainable Development: January 2004

  25. Health Photo by Carla Gomo

  26. Number of Nurses Required Assuming the WHO standard of 1 nurse per 1,000 population Abuja Base Scenario Abuja NURHI Scenario • WHO 1:1,000 Recommendation

  27. Health Resources Required Based on Per Capita Health Spending 5.9 billion Naira saved 2011–2035 Abuja Base Scenario 67.1 million Naira saved 2011–2015 Abuja NURHI Scenario • Human Resources for Health by African Health Workforce Observatory 2002

  28. NURHI Health Savings 2015 & 2035 Comparison between actual and recommended per capita spending • Human Resources for Health by African Health Workforce Observatory

  29. “The key challenges to reducing infant mortality include population, declining resources and wide geographic variations.” Major challenges to reducing maternal mortality include “a dearth of skilled personnel and a shortage of family planning facilities”. • Nigeria Millennium Development Goals: Report 2010 Photo by Bonnie NURHI

  30. Risky Births Percentage of births with any risk factor High risk births can result in maternal and infant deaths and are very expensive to attend to at health facilities.

  31. Maternal Deaths Averted 1,326 Maternal Deaths Averted 2011–2035 Abuja Base Scenario 222 72 Maternal Deaths Averted 2011–2015 Abuja NURHI Scenario

  32. Under 5 Deaths Averted Averted Deaths in Children 0-4 years 88,551 Under 5 Deaths Averted 2011–2035 19,427 4,119 Under 5 Deaths Averted 2011–2015 Abuja Base Scenario 13,541 Abuja NURHI Scenario

  33. Infant Mortality Rate Number of deaths to babies less than 1 year old for every 1,000 births Infant Deaths Averted: 2,691 between 2011–2015 43,766 between 2011–2035

  34. Health Benefits of Investing in Family Planning Reduce the number of maternal, infant and child deaths Increase in life expectancy Free up resources that can be invested in strategies to improve quality and access to essential health services Reduce the strain on health staff and infrastructure

  35. Education Photo by Carla Gomo

  36. Primary School Aged Children Number of Children Ages 6–11 Abuja Base Scenario Abuja NURHI Scenario

  37. Primary Teachers Required Abuja Base Scenario Abuja NURHI Scenario • Based on Ministry of Education standards

  38. Quality of Primary Teachers Abuja FCT • Previous slide showed the number of teachers required based on this same distribution. It would take additional effort to make sure that all teachers are qualified. • National Bureau of Statistics: Social Statistics in Nigeria 2009

  39. Basic Education Aged Children Number of Children Ages 6–15 Abuja Base Scenario Abuja NURHI Scenario

  40. Education Benefits of Investing in Family Planning Reduce the strain on teachers and infrastructure Free up resources that can be invested in strategies to improve the quality of education and prepare the next generation to participate in the global economy Assist Abuja FCT in meeting the Education Sector goal of universal basic education

  41. Infrastructure Photo by E Herrera

  42. Housing Requirements Average household size of 4.0 people Abuja Base Scenario Abuja NURHI Scenario • Spectrum Projections using data from NURHI/MLE Baseline Data, 2011

  43. New Jobs Required 88,071 fewer new jobs required 2025–2035 Abuja Base Scenario Abuja NURHI Scenario • Spectrum Projection

  44. Annual Production of Waste (in kilograms) Abuja Base Projection Abuja NURHI Projection Solid Waste Generation • Babayemi et al. 2009 Photos by Bonnie NURHI

  45. Urban Water Targets from Vision 2020 (80 liters in 2011, 100 liters by 2015, 120 liters by 2020) Abuja Base Projection Abuja NURHI Projection Water Supplies • Report of the Vision 2020, July 2009 Photo By: Bonnie NURHI Photos by Bonnie NURHI

  46. Infrastructure Benefits of Investing in Family Planning Reduce the strain on housing requirements Likely lower the number of people living in temporary housing or slum areas Greater likelihood of meeting water and sanitation needs of the Abuja FCT population, thereby improving health and well-being Slower growth of numbers of new entrants into the working age population so that adequate strategies for job creation can be implemented, reducing the number unemployed

  47. What Can We Do? Photo by Neajjean

  48. Couples in Abuja FCT want to space or limit their children, they want family planning Photos by Bonnie NURHI

  49. Policy Response Enable couples to space or limit their children……. Result in improved health of the population and a reduction in maternal and infant deaths……. Thereby contribute towards Abuja FCT becoming the pace setter in Nigeria’s development. Improving access and utilization of high quality family planning services will:

  50. What Steps Can We Take Right Now? • Invest more in family planning and make it a budgeting priority: • Sustain the family planning budget line and guarantee the timely release of the budget. • Ensure the removal of operational bottlenecks to quality FP programmes • Invest in activities that support high quality family planning services • Support family planning by speaking out and encouraging others to do the same • Link family planning benefits to other development issues and programmes

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