PRINCIPLE & CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

1. PRINCIPLE & CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

2. HYDRAULIC PUMPS • PRINCIPLE • CHARACTERISTICS • TYPES OF PUMPS • COMPARISON OF PUMPS • TROUBLE SHOOTING

3. PUMP - PRINCIPLE THE PRINCIPLE OF A HYDRAULIC PUMP IS TO CONVERT MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO HYDRAULIC ENERGY. THIS IS ACHIEVED BY GENERATING AN INCREASED VOLUME DURING INTAKE AND DECREASED VOLUME ON THE DELIVERY SIDE.

4. PUMP CHARACTERISTICS • FLOW RATING • PRESSURE RATING • VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY • NOISE LEVEL • CONTAMINATION LEVEL ALLOWED

5. NON POSITIVE POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT DISPLACEMENT PUMPS PUMPS ROTARY RECIPROCATORY GEAR PUMP VANE PUMP AXIAL PISTON RADIAL PISTON PUMP PUMP TYPES OF PUMPS

6. NON POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS EYE INLET OUTLET DIFFUSER OUTLET IMPELLER BLADES CENTRIFUGAL ( IMPELLER ) TYPES IMPELLER PROPELLER AXIAL (PROPELLER ) TYPE INLET

7. SINGLE VANE PUMP

8. SINGLE VANE PUMP DISCHARGE PORT DELIVERY SIDE PLATE VANE CAM RING SHAFT PRESSURE PLATE ROTOR SUCTION SUCTION PORT BOLT Graphical Symbol

9. CARTRIDGE SIDE PLATE PRESSURE PLATE CAM RING BOLT LOCATING PIN

10. VARIATION IN VANE PUMP DISPLACEMENT ROTOR CAMRING “THROW” WIDTH

11. BALANCED VANE PUMP OUTLET ROTATION ROTATION INLET CAMRING VANE INLET OUTLET OUTLET ROTOR INLET DRIVE SHAFT

12. L/min 75 1800 r/min 70 60 1500 r/min 50 Output Flow 1200 r/min 40 1000 r/min kW HP 30 30 40 Input Power 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 0 35 70 105 140 175 210 VANE PUMP - TYPICAL PUMP CHARACTERISTICS Pressure Kgf / Cm2

13. PV2R2-41 dB(A) 65 60 1200 r/min Noise Level 55 1000 r/min 50 45 0 35 70 105 140 175 210 Kgf / Cm2 Pressure VANE PUMP - TYPICAL PUMP CHARACTERISTICS NOISE LEVEL Noise Level [One metre (3.3 ft.) horizontally away from pump head cover]

14. DOUBLE VANE PUMP SUCTION DELIVERY DELIVERY CARTRIDGE - 1 CARTRIDGE - 2 Graphic Symbol

15. EXTERNAL GEAR PUMP OUTLET DRIVEN GEAR DRIVE GEAR INLET

16. EXTERNAL GEAR PUMP OUTLET INLET

17. LOBE PUMP

18. INTERNAL GEAR PUMP

19. SINGLE PUMPS ROTOR VANE CAM RING PROPORTIONAL PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE DISCHARGE PORT WAVE WASHER SHAFT PRESSURE PLATE SUCTION PORT SIDE PLATE Graphical Symbol

20. VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS SPOOL FILLING PORT PLUG DRAIN PORT PRESSURE ADJ. SCREW CONTROL PISTON FLOW ADJ. SCREW PIVOT SHAFT DISCHARGE PORT Graphical Symbol SUCTION PORT YOKE PISTON ASSEMBLY SWASH PLATE CYLINDER BLOCK

21. CYLINDER BLOCK ASSEMBLY PIVOT WASHER SLIPPER RETAINER CYLINDER BLOCK PISTON ASSEMBLY WASHER PIN (3 pcs.) SPRING WASHER RETAINING RING

22. CYLINDER BLOCK ASSEMBLY PORT PLATE

23. VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS ( AT FULL CUT - OFF ) PRESSURE COMPENSATOR TYPE .

24. VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS PRESSURE COMPENSATOR CONTROL SPOOL OPERATING PISTON PRESSURE ADJUSTMENT SCREW YOKE INLET Discharge Cycle DELIVERY ADJUSTMENT SCREW OUT Suction Cycle IN OUTLET Section A-A

25. VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS PRESSURE COMPENSATOR CONTROL OPERATING PISTON A INLET Discharge Cycle OUT Suction Cycle IN A OUTLET Section A-A

26. VARIATION IN PUMP DISPLACEMENT NO STROKE STROKE LENGTH STROKE LENGTH MAXIMUM SWASH PLATE ANGLE ( MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT ) DECREASED SWASH PLATE ANGLE ( PARTIAL DISPLACEMENT ) ZERO SWASH PLATE ANGLE ( ZERO DISPLACEMENT )

27. SWASH PLATE CAUSES PISTON TO RECIPROCATE VALVE PLATE SLOT PISTON SUB-ASSEMBLY OUTLET PORT DRIVE SHAFT INLET PORT SWASH PLATE SHOE PLATE CYLINDER BLOCK BORE

28. VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP - TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Performance Characteristic Curve % N=1500 r/min 100 Volumetric Efficiency Overall Efficiency Efficiency 80 L/min 30 60 HP kW 12 Output Flow 20 8 10 Output Flow 8 6 Input Power Input Power 6 10 4 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 80 120 160 40 Kgf/Cm2 Pressure

29. Input Power kW N=1500 r/min 10 HP 12 P=Kgf / Cm2 8 P= 140 10 P= 120 8 6 P= 100 Input Power 6 P= 80 4 P= 60 4 P= 40 2 P= 20 2 P= 7 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 L/min Output Flow VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP - TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Full Cut-off Power kW HP 1.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 Full Cut-off Power 1800 r/min 1.0 0.5 0.5 1500 r/min 0 0 0 40 80 120 160 Kg / Cm2 Full Cut-off Pressure

30. dB(A) N=1500 r/min 80 70 Noise Level 60 Full Flow 50 Full Cut-off 40 0 40 80 120 160 Kgf / Cm2 Pressure VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP - TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Noise Level [One metre (3.3 ft.) horizontally away from pump head cover] Drain L/min 2.0 N=1800 r/min 1.5 Full Cut-off Drain 1.0 N=1500 r/min 0.5 1500,1800 r/min Full Flow 0 0 40 120 160 80 Pressure Kgf / Cm2

31. BENT AXIS PISTON PUMP PISTON ROD UNIVERSAL LINK PISTON CYLINDER BLOCK TO OUTLET FROM INLET

32. TYPE VANE PUMP GEAR PUMP PISTON PUMP Working Varying Shifting Varying Principle Volume Volume Volume by between the surrounded by reciprocating Vane & gear grooves & Pistons. Camring casing. Average High Low except for Highest among Efficiency pressure three types. loading type. Wear & Does not Decreases with Decreases with Efficiency decrease since Wear Wear wearing of camring or vane can be compensated COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

33. COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

34. COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

35. COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS

36. OVERALL TYPE PRESSURE DISCHARGE MAX. SPEED EFFICIENCY 2 (Kgf/Cm ) ( L / min ) ( rpm ) ( % ) 20 ~ 210 7 ~ 570 1800~7000 75 ~ 90 GEAR PUMP 20 ~ 210 2 ~ 950 2000~4000 75 ~ 90 VANE PUMP AXIAL 70 ~ 350 2 ~ 1700 600 ~ 6000 85 ~ 95 PISTON PUMP RADIAL 50 ~ 250 20 ~ 700 PISTON PUMP COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS 700 ~ 1800 80 ~ 92

37. TROUBLE SHOOTING