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IISU

IISU. Exit Route Identification. IISU Project N. de Beler. Sensors? Communication means? Procedures?. IISU Objective. Improve identification of usable exits and passengers guidance. Identify exits condition. Plan evacuation. Launch evacuation. Guide passengers. SFACT.

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IISU

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  1. IISU Exit Route Identification IISU Project N. de Beler

  2. Sensors? Communication means? Procedures? IISU Objective Improve identification of usable exits and passengers guidance Identify exits condition Plan evacuation Launch evacuation Guide passengers

  3. SFACT IISU Consorsium

  4. Work breakdown Requirements analysis Assistant tools Specification Technologies research We are here Non technical Solution(s) Solution(s) proposition Experiment; IISU 2 in 2002

  5. Requirements analysis Previous studies CAA database Interviews Training centre visit JAR Evacuations typology Occupants tasks modelling

  6. Survivable events analysis (1) • 256 of the 2426 accidents (about 10.5%) involved an evacuation • Evacuation situations: • Evacuation involving fire or smoke are the most frequent (53% of the 256 accidents). • Approach or landing represent the phases of flight the most concerned with an evacuation (52% of the 256 accidents) • Non-usabilityof the exits is related to: • Difficulty/impossibility to open an exit • Obstacle or fire or water behind the door • Problem with the slides (problem of inflation, fire, split, etc…)

  7. Survivable events analysis (2) • Temporal factor:Majority of evacuations are unplanned (no time to prepare cabin) • Evacuation decision making process:critical phase • Rule on the exits usability:CC role • An exit can be usable onlypart of the time of the evacuation • Communication problem: means failure, noise, impossibility to move • Passengers pre-flight briefing:influences passengers’ behaviour • Passengers guidance: • Guidance towards an exit is a serious problem in case of smoke, • Passengers dangerous behaviour due to panic • Re-routing of passengers because of unusable exits • Problem related to emergency equipment in case of ditching

  8. Tasks model

  9. Interest of a Hierarchical task model • Make clear the goal of each activity • Guide the need analysis • Formalise the links between actors • Stress the links between tasks • Understand the information used • Stress the influence of psychological and cultural factors • Offer a synthetic view of the occupants activity • Offer a framework to describe the results of evacuation reports analysis • Rich support to formalise the requirements taking account of the activity context

  10. From the need analysis to the solution • Decide Evacuation • Understand situation • Prepare evacuation • Order evacuation • Decide usable exits • Guide passengers Tasks to be improved Related Requirements Solutions • Data Access • Data transmission • Co ordination • Passengers Briefing • Guidance • Procedures • Training • Emergency equipment CHECK CAMERA HEADSET SOUND SPYHOLE Training Procedures

  11. Identification of solutions CHECK: for CC, be informed about the usability of all exits, assist passengers guidance, improve flow management. CAMERA: Check external conditions, provide information on slide usability? HEADSET: Improve interaction between CC& FC members; be informed about the usability of another exit; know if a CC or FC is operational or not; improve flow management. SOUND: Assist the guidance of passengers mainly in deteriorated situation (smoke, baggage in the aisle) SPYHOLE: Improve external conditions checking (widened vision)

  12.    CHECK CHECK: CHeck Exit and Comunicate Knowledge At each main door: • Display: overview of all exits usability • 2 modes: usable ; non usable • commands: • By default, automatic usable status when slide inflated • Manual command to input non usable / usable status  

  13. Next step • Finalise the « instruments » specification: • impact on CC procedures, training • impact on regulation • Proposenon technical solutionreplying to the requirements: change in CC procedure & training; FC and CC common training; Change in passengers briefing. • Experimentson realistic simulator (Cranfield) => IISU 2

  14. Conclusion: 3 outcomes • Identification of solutions that are « reasonable » in terms of implementation feasibility, costand amount ofchange • Benefits of the use of thetasks modellingmethodology to analyse the needs :providetraceability. • Identification of tasks that needfurther investigations • evacuation decision process, • passengers awareness of the safety role of CC, • passengers briefing.

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