Part 97

1. Part 97 Standard Instrument Procedures Subpart A General

2. 97.1 Applicability • Prescribes standard instrument procedures • Civil airports in U.S. • Weather minimums that apply to landings under IFR • Prescribes obstacle instrument procedures • Certain civil airports in U.S. • Weather minimums that apply to takeoffs under IFR

3. 97.3 Symbols & Terms • Grouping of aircraft based on VREF speed Aircraft Approach Category • Category A: Speed < 91 knots • Category B: Speed > 91 knots, but < 121 knots • Category C: Speed > 121 knots, but < 141 knots • Category D: Speed > 141 knots, but < 166 knots • Category E: Speed > 166 knots

4. 97.3 Symbols & Terms • Approach Procedure Segments • Initial approach • Segment between initial approach fix and the intermediate fix or the point where the aircraft is established on the intermediate or final approach course • Final approach • Segment between final approach fix or point and the runway, airport, or missed approach point • Missed approach • Segment between missed approach point and the missed approach fix at the prescribed altitude • Ceiling • Minimum ceiling (feet) takeoff or required for designating an airport as an alternate

5. 97.3 Symbols & Terms • Approach Procedure Segments • (FAF) Final Approach Fix • (MAP) Missed approach point • MSA (Minimum safe altitude) • Expressed in feet above mean sea level, provides at least 1,000 feet of obstacle clearance for emergency use within a certain distance from the navigation facility or fix

6. 97.5 Bearing, courses, tracks, headings, radials, miles • RVR • Feet • Visibility • Statue miles • All other mileages • Nautical miles

7. Part 119 Certification: Air Carriers and Commercial Operators Subpart A General

8. 119.1 Applicability • Applies to anyone operating or intending to operate civil aircraft: • As an air carrier or commercial operator, or both, or • With seat configuration of 20 or more passengers, or maximum payload capacity of 6,000 pounds or more • Anyone subject to this part must comply unless requirements are modified or added under part 129, 133, 137, or 139

9. 119.3 Definitions • All-cargo operation • Any operation for compensation or hire that is other than a passenger-carrying operation • Certificate-holding district office • FSDO charged with overall inspection of certificate holder’s operations • Direct air carrier • Provides or offers air transportation and has control over the operational functions • Commercial operator • For compensation or hire, engages in the carriage by aircraft in air commerce of persons or property

10. 119.3 Definitions • Crewmembers allowable weight • Male flight crewmembers 180 lbs • Female flight crewmembers 140 lbs • Male flight attendants 180 lbs • Female flight attendants 130 lbs • Flight attendants not identified 140 lbs • On-demand operation • Charter type operation • Passenger seats fewer than 30 and payload capacity less than 7,500 lbs. Airplane can be used in domestic or flag operations • Private carriage – fewer than 20 seats and payload capacity less than 6,000 lbs

11. 119.5 Certifications • Air Carrier Certificate • Authorized to conduct operations as a direct air carrier • Operating Certificate • Authorized to conduct operations as a U.S. commercial operator, but not authorized to conduct air carrier operations • Authorized to conduct operations when common carriage is not involved with configuration of 20 or more passengers or max payload capacity of 6,000 lbs or more

12. 119.33 Certificate Requirements • Direct air carrier • U.S. citizen • Obtain Air Carrier Certificate • Operations specifications that prescribe authorizations, limitations, and procedures • Commercial passenger or cargo aircraft • U.S. citizen • Obtain Operating Certificate • Operations specifications that prescribe authorizations, limitations, and procedures

13. 119.37 Contents of Certificate • Certificate holder’s name • Location of holder’s principal base of operations • Certificate number • Certificate effective date • Name of designator of certificate-holding district office

14. 119.39 Issuing Certificate • Meets applicable parts • Holds economic authority applicable • Issued by Department of Transportation • Properly/adequately equipped and able to conduct safe operations

15. 119.39 Denying Certificate • Not properly/adequately equipped and able to conduct safe operations • Previously held air carrier or operating certificate that was revoked • Applicant intends to fill key management positions with: • Individual who exercised control in similar position with holder whose certificate was revoked • Process of being revoked • Individual materially contributed to cause of revocation

16. 119.39 Denying Certificate • Individual will have control or substantial ownership interest: • Individual in similar position with holder whose certificate was revoked • Process of being revoked • Individual materially contributed to cause of revocation

17. 119.61 Certificate Duration • Effective until: • Certificate holder surrenders it to Administrator • Administrator • Suspends • Revokes • Otherwise terminates certificate • Operations specifications effective until: • Administrator • Suspends • Revokes • Otherwise terminates certificate • Specification amended • Recency of operations • Administrator suspends/revokes kind operation

18. 119.65 Management personnel • Required under part 121 • Director of safety • Director of operations • Chief pilot • Director of maintenance • Chief inspector • Individuals must be • Qualified through training, experience, expertise • Full understanding of • Aviation safety standards and safe operating practices • FAR • Certificate holder’s operations specifications • Appropriate maintenance/airworthiness requirements • Manual required by 121.133 of this chapter

19. 119.65 Management personnel • Certificate holder must • State general policy provisions of the manual • Duties, responsibilities, and authority of personnel • List names and business addresses of individuals assigned to those positions • Notify certificate-holding district office within 10 days of any change in personnel or any vacancy in any position listed

20. 119.67 Management Quals • Director of Operations • Hold ATP • At least 3 years supervisory or managerial position within last 6 years • Chief Pilot • Hold ATP with appropriate ratings for at least one of the airplanes used by certificate holder • At least 3 years supervisory or managerial position within last 6 years • Director of Maintenance • Mechanic certificate with airframe and powerplant ratings • 1 year experience in position responsible for returning airplanes to service

21. 119.73 Former FAA Employees • Cannot employ or have contractual arrangement if individual has, within preceding 2 years • Served, or responsible for oversight of Flight Standards Service aviation safety inspector • Direct responsibility to inspect, oversee inspection of operations of certificate holder