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Nematodes, Arthropods

Nematodes, Arthropods. BSC 2011L. Animal Taxonomy. Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Protostomia – blastopore to mouth Ecdysozoa – molt Phylum Nematoda – roundworms Phylum Arthropoda – arthropods Subphylum Chelierata Class Arachnida – spiders, scorpions

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Nematodes, Arthropods

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  1. Nematodes,Arthropods BSC 2011L

  2. Animal Taxonomy • Domain Eukarya • Kingdom Animalia • Protostomia– blastopore to mouth • Ecdysozoa– molt • Phylum Nematoda– roundworms • Phylum Arthropoda – arthropods • Subphylum Chelierata • Class Arachnida – spiders, scorpions • Class Merostomata– horseshoe crabs • Subphylum Crustacea – crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp krill, barnacles • Subphylum Myriapoda • Class Chilopoda- centipedes • Class Diplopoda- millipedes • Subphylum Hexapoda • Class Insecta- insects

  3. Phylum Nematoda • Nema is greek for “thread” • Pseudocoelomates • Un-segmented • Aquatic habitats, damp soil • Cuticle/specialized epidermis • sheds or “molts” periodically • Respiration • Partial structure support with/ hydroskeleton • Parasitize both plants and animals • Pinworms and hookworms cause intestinal problems in humans and other animals • Trichonella causes trichonosis(attaches to intestinal wall and robs host of nutrients) • One species causes what we call elephantiasis • Digestion – mouth and anus

  4. Phylum Nematoda • Cuticle is shed 4 times during lifetime • Sexual Dimorphism males vs. females • Ladies are larger • ObserveAscaris sp.

  5. Phylum Nematoda • Animal: Roundworm • Symmetry: bilateral • Body cavity: pseudocoelomate • Digestion: mouth and anus • Circulation: none, fluid in pseudocoel • Segmentation: none • Appendages: none • Nervous: dorsal and ventral nerve cord • Habitat: parasitic • Respiration: diffusion through body surface • Excretion: 2 lateral tubes • Locomotion: longitudinal muscles, whipping motion • Support: hydrostatic skeleton, pseudocoel

  6. Phylum Arthropoda • Most diverse and numerous animals on earth • Paired, jointed appendages • Exoskeleton made of chitin • Digestion – complete • Circulation – open • Typical Larvae is naupilus(free-swimming planktonic, no segmentation)

  7. Phylum Arthropoda • Subphylum Chelierata • 4 pairs of legs • No antennae • Cephalothorax and abdomen • Class Arachnida – spiders, scorpions • Class Merostomata– horseshoe crabs

  8. Phylum Arthropoda • Subphylum Crustacea • Crabs, shrimp, lobster, crayfish • 3-5 pairs of legs • 1 pair antenna • Head, thorax, abdomen • Males have swimmerets • Dissection*

  9. Crayfish Dissection – pgs. 65 & 67

  10. Phylum Arthropoda • Subphylum Crustacea • Animal: crayfish • Symmetry: bilateral • Body cavity: coelomate – protostome • Digestion: complete • Circulation: open, heart, blood vessels • Segmentation: yes • Appendages: mouth parts, walking legs, swimmerets • Nervous: dorsal brain, ventral nerve cord • Habitat: aquatic • Respiration: gills • Excretion: green gland, gills • Locomotion: walking legs • Support: exoskeleton

  11. Phylum Arthropoda • Subphylum Myriapoda • Class Chilopoda– centipedes • 1 pair of legs/segment • Class Diplopoda– millipedes • 2 pairs of legs/segment http://www.liveanimalslist.com/interesting-animals/images/millipedes-vs-centipedes-picture.jpg

  12. Phylum Arthropoda • Subphylum Hexapoda • Class Insecta • 3 pairs of legs/segment • 1 pair antenna • Head, thorax, abdomen • Grasshopper – • (identify regions on model)

  13. Insect Metamorphosis • Complete • Drastic change • 3 stages – larval, pupa, adult • Larvae does not resemble adult form • Ex. butterfly • Incomplete • Gradual change • 2 stages – nymphs, adult • Larvae (nymphs) resemble adult form • Ex. grasshopper https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/11/2e/67/112e673f6c562b5713a4f003f4fd6f59.jpg http://vignette3.wikia.nocookie.net/grasshoppers/images/4/45/Imagesrn.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20120917002813

  14. Grasshopper – pg. 66

  15. Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta • Animal: Grasshopper • Symmetry: bilatera • Body cavity: coelomate – protostome • Digestion: complete – mouth, crop, gizzard, stomach, etc. • Circulation: open, • Segmentation: yes • Appendages: mouth parts, antennae, walking legs • Nervous: dorsal brain, ventral nerve cord • Habitat: terrestrial • Respiration: tracheal tubes opening at spiracles • Excretion: malpighian tubes, empty to intestine • Locomotion: 2 pairs of wings, walking legs • Support: exoskeleton

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