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China's Ethnocentric Clash with the West: A Historical Overview

Explore China's isolation, ethnocentrism, and clash with the West during dynastic eras. Learn about Chinese philosophy, dynasties, and the impact of geography on its development.

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China's Ethnocentric Clash with the West: A Historical Overview

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  1. 12/7 Focus: • China’s ethnocentric view of the world and use of Confucianism came into conflict with the ideas of the West. • During the Qing dynasty, China attempted to isolate itself by restricting trade with western nations. • Important Terms: • Isolation, Ethnocentric • Do Now: • What is meant by the term isolation?

  2. China Review

  3. Development of Civilization • The first civilizations developed in ______________ • Annual flooding • fertile soil • Long growing seasons • Civilization in China developed in the: • Huang He (Yellow) River Valley • Yangtze River Valley river valleys

  4. Impact of Geography • Natural Barriers __________ early China from other civilizations • Himalayas • Gobi Desert • Taklimakan Desert isolated

  5. Impact of Geography • Geographic isolation led to development of ________________in China • The belief in the superiority of one’s own race, culture, or nation • Chinese referred to China as the _________________ • The construction of _________________ is an example of Chinese ethnocentrism ethnocentrism • Middle Kingdom • The Great Wall

  6. Mandate of Heaven • Chinese believed events on Earth controlled by ________________ • Ancestors granted _______to dynasties to rule over China • Approval could be taken away • _________________referred to the cycle by which dynasties rose and fell in China ancestors in Heaven approval Dynastic Cycle

  7. Chinese Philosophies • Early philosophies developed when people tried to understand how to create ______________in society during times of _______ when dynasties were falling • Daoism • Legalism • Confucianism social order chaos

  8. Confucianism • Society should be ordered around _______________ • _________ stressed the importance of respect for parents and elders • Stressed importance of ______________and ____________ • Influenced development of ________________ Five Relationships Filial Piety good government education Chinese Civil Service

  9. Chinese Dynasties Oracle bones, patriarchal society, ancestor worship, ethnocentric Shang • Mandate of Heaven • established feudal states, • ends with Warring States period Zhou Legalism, began Great Wall, Qin Growth of trade on Silk Road, stressed Confucianism in society Han

  10. Chinese Dynasties Song Golden Age of China Prosperity, internal peace, technological advances Tang Mongol’s rule over China Kublai Khan Yuan Ming Qing

  11. Ming Dynasty • Chinese rule restored • Admiral Zheng He • Explored & established sea trade with countries around Indian Ocean

  12. Ming Dynasty • China began an isolationist policy at the end of the Ming dynasty • Restricted trade with Europe • Destroyed Zheng He’s fleet

  13. Qing Dynasty • Last dynasty in imperial China • At start of Qing Dynasty China was prosperous and advanced • Isolation led China to fall behind Western countries technologically • Foreign nations began exerting influence over China

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