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M3/19/12; M3/21/11; W-H3/24-25/10; F3/20/09; F3/28/08; F-M3/24-27/06; H4/7/05

M3/19/12; M3/21/11; W-H3/24-25/10; F3/20/09; F3/28/08; F-M3/24-27/06; H4/7/05. WWII on Homefront (Ch. 27.2-27.3 ; pp. 765-776) Q: How did the U.S. prepare for war on the home front after the attack on Pearl Harbor?. I. Economic & Civilian Preparations for WWII. consumer → war economy

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M3/19/12; M3/21/11; W-H3/24-25/10; F3/20/09; F3/28/08; F-M3/24-27/06; H4/7/05

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  1. M3/19/12; M3/21/11; W-H3/24-25/10; F3/20/09; F3/28/08; F-M3/24-27/06; H4/7/05 WWII on Homefront (Ch. 27.2-27.3; pp. 765-776) Q: How did the U.S. prepare for war on the home front after the attack on Pearl Harbor?

  2. I. Economic & Civilian Preparations for WWII • consumer → war economy • mandatory • used ND & WWI as examples • c&c to WWI • War Powers Act (1942) • increased executive power • began “Imperial Presidency” (c. 1941-1974)

  3. II. Changes at Home A. War Production • War Powers Board • consumer → war economy • business coordination • price controls B. Labor-Management Relations • National War Labor Board • “no strike” pledge • benefits (pensions, insurance, paid vacation)

  4. II. Changes at Home(cont.) C. Food • WPB • mandatory rationing • price controls • inflation • Price Admin. • tax breaks D. Business Regulation • tax cuts/incentives • consolidation

  5. II. Changes at Home (cont.) E. Science/Technology • synthetic products • medical advances – plasma • more wounded survive • fewer deaths from disease • Manhattan Project • atomic bomb • Alamagordo, NM – July 1945

  6. II. Changes at Home (cont.) F. Raising Money • $320B • war bonds • taxes (94% top bracket)

  7. II. Changes at Home (cont.) • G. Propaganda • Office of War Information (OWI) • war info/censorship • encouraged rationing • rationing drives – scrap metal, resources • movies, celebrities • idealism – anti-Fascism • H. Entertainment • movies, cartoons • baseball – morale • women (“A League of Their Own”)

  8. III. Social Impact A. Women • Rosie the Riveter • 6M workers • 300K military • WAC – army • WAVES – navy • WASP – air corps

  9. III. Social Impact (cont.) B. African-Americans • military, jobs • segregated units • A. Phillip Randolph • “Double V” campaign • threatened march on Washington • Executive Order #8802 • created Fair Employment Practices Comm. • integrated war-related factories • prohibits discrimination in federal gov’t.

  10. III. Social Impact(cont.) C. Native Americans • military, jobs • integrated units • Navajo code talkers D. Japanese Americans • relocated – Exec. Order #9066 • Manzanar • segregated units • 442ndReg. • only fought in Europe

  11. III. Social Impact (cont.) E. Hispanic Americans • braceros • Mexican workers • zoot suit riots • L.A., June 1943 • integrated units

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