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ENERGY

Learn about the various types of energy, including mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, electromagnetic, and nuclear energy. Understand the concepts of potential and kinetic energy and how energy is conserved in a closed system.

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ENERGY

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  1. ENERGY THE DRIVING FORCE

  2. What is Energy? • The ability to do work • The ability to cause change • Force is a push or pull • Measured in Joules, Joules = kg●(m/s)2 • Formula: E = KE + PE E = .5mv2 + magravh (KE = .5 x mv2) (PE = magravh)

  3. Energy is Conserved(in a closed system) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-p3msL1P8bw

  4. Different Forms of Energy • 6 different types: • Mechanical • Thermal Energy • Chemical Energy • Electrical Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Nuclear Energy

  5. Forms of Energy • Mechanical Energy • Describes energy stored and released according to function or force

  6. Forms of Energy • Thermal Energy • Heat in all its forms and flows

  7. Forms of Energy • Chemical Energy • Stored and released in the bonds between atoms

  8. Forms of Energy • Electric Energy • Energy that is caused by moving electric charges • Since the electric charges are moving, this is a form of kinetic energy.

  9. Forms of Energy • Electromagnetic Energy • Waves of mostly invisible energy • Includes light, radio waves, X-rays

  10. Forms of Energy • Nuclear Energy • Stored and released from the nucleus of an atom

  11. Two descriptions of Energy • Potential Energy - Energy stored by position or condition • Kinetic Energy - Released energy or energy of motion

  12. Potential Energy • The easiest quantified PE is Gravitational PE • This is the PE stored in an object by its height above another reference point • PEGrav = m agrav h Joules = kg●(m/s)2 Remember, agrav = 9.8 m/s2

  13. Potential Energy, revisited… • Another form is Elastic PE • This is the PE stored in an object by its being disturbed from is natural state, • and how much it wants to return to that natural state • Good examples: • Springs, swings, pendulums, rubber bands

  14. Potential Energy, revisited… • Another form is Chemical PE • This is the PE stored in an object by the chemical bonds between its atoms and molecules • The energy is released when the chemicals react and form new bonds • Good examples: • Burning a log, firecrackers,

  15. Kinetic Energy • This is the KE released by an object by its motion • KE = ½ m v2 • Joules = kg●(m/s)2

  16. Potential or Kinetic? • On the next few slides, tell whether the energy is potential or kinetic…

  17. A bowling ball rolling down the lane • Potential • Kinetic

  18. A sandwich • Potential • Kinetic

  19. A ball being thrown through the air in a projectile path • Potential • Kinetic

  20. A gallon of gasoline • Potential • Kinetic

  21. A lawnmower burning a gallon of gasoline • Potential • Kinetic

  22. Law of Conservation of Energy • Energy can not be created or destroyed in normal reactions • Energy can be changed from one form to another • The total amount of energy must be the same before and after a change in energy

  23. Mechanical Energy in a Pendulum

  24. Which of these describes Energy? • Ability to do work • Ability to cause change • Ability to increase energy • Ability to decrease work

  25. At which point is PE at maximum? • A • B • C • D

  26. Joules is not the unit for which of these? • Potential Energy • Kinetic Energy • Work • Force

  27. At which point is KE at maximum? • A • B • C • D

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