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Chapter 3

Unit 2: Basic Principles of the United States Constitution. Chapter 3. 5 Basic principles of the u.s. constitution. Topic: Basic Principles of the U.S. Constitution

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Chapter 3

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  1. Unit 2: Basic Principles of the United States Constitution Chapter 3 5 Basic principles of the u.s. constitution

  2. Topic: Basic Principles of the U.S. Constitution Principles related to representative democracy are reflected in the articles and amendments of the U.S. Constitution and provide structure for the government of the United States. Content Statement: As the supreme law of the land, the U.S. Constitution incorporates basic principles that help define the government of the United States as a federal republic including its structure, powers and relationship with the governed. Content Statement: Constitutional government in the United States has changed over time as a result of amendments to the U.S. Constitution, Supreme Court decisions, legislation and informal practices.

  3. The United States Constitution and Federalism • Section 1: Basic Principles

  4. 5 Basic Principles Explained • 1. Popular Sovereignty • Government’s authority comes from the people • 2. Limited Government • 3. Separation of Powers/Sharing of Powers • Article I: legislative branch • Article II: executive branch • Article III: judicial branch • *All branches have separate powers

  5. 4. Checks and Balances

  6. 5. Federalism • Power divided between national gov and state and local govs.

  7. The United States Constitution and Federalism • Section 2: Amending the Constitution

  8. Constitution has been around for over 200 years. Framers knew they needed to include a way to change it as times change

  9. Amend: TO CHange • Make minor changes in (a text) in order to make it fairer, more accurate, or more up-to-date. • Modify formally, as a legal document or legislative bill.

  10. ratify: • To pass

  11. 4 ways to amend the Constitution #1 #3 #2 #4

  12. The 27 Amendments • Bill of Rights 1-10: Protect individual freedoms • 13th, 14th, 15th: expand voting and other rights to groups • 17th: direct election of Senators • 19th: women’s suffrage • 16th: national income tax • 18th: Prohibition

  13. The United States Constitution and Federalism • Section 3: A Flexible Document

  14. The Constitution is a “LIVING DOCUMENT” because it is flexible and changes with the times! 1. Gov. actions • A. Court decisions • B. Congressional legislation • C. Executive actions 2. Political actions • A. Important role in elections • B. Organize daily operations of Congress 3. Custom and tradition • A. Strongly influence how gov. carries out its functions

  15. The United States Constitution and Federalism • Section 4: Federalism

  16. Powers of the Federal Government—3 types

  17. 1. Expressed Powers—specifically stated in the Constitution

  18. 2. Implied Powers • Article I, Section 8—“Congress has the power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper to exercise its other powers” • Known as “ELASTIC CLAUSE”

  19. 3. Inherent Powers • Inherent powers—naturally belong to the gov. • In the United States, the President derives these powers from the loosely-worded statements in the Constitution that "the executive Power shall be vested in a President" and the president should "take care that the laws be faithfully executed" • Most relate to foreign affairs

  20. Powers of Federal and State Government

  21. Limits on Federal and State Powers • Powers Denied to the Federal Government • Tax imports • Pass laws favoring one state over another • Spend money unless authorized by federal law • Powers Denied to the States • Issue its own money • Make a treaty with a foreign gov • Go to war • Powers Denied to Both Levels • Deny people certain rights, such as trial by jury • Grant titles of nobility

  22. Responsibilities • Federal • Make sure states have rep gov • Protect states from violent actions • Respect states’ territories • State • Set district boundaries for Congress • Set up rules for electing members of Congress • Maintain National Guard

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