Acids & Bases

1. Acids & Bases Their Properties Naming Guidelines

2. Properties of Acids • Taste sour • Itchy on skin, will burn if concentrated • Turns Blue litmus paper Red • Red litmus paper stays Red Neutralization: Acid + Base  Salt + Water Ex: Vinegar, Citrus Fruit

3. Properties of Bases • Taste Bitter • Feel Slippery • Turns Red litmus paper Blue • Blue litmus paper stays Blue • Reacts with Acid in same neutralization Ex: Soap, Milk of Magnesia, Most Cleaners

4. Naming Acids Binary Acids: • Contain “H” and one other element To Name: Hydro + second element name + ic + Acid Ex: HCl = Hydro chlorine – ine + ic Acid Hydrochloric Acid HF = Hydroflouric Acid

5. Naming Acids (cont.) Ternary Acids: • Contain “H”, “O” and one more element To Name: 3rd element name + ic + Acid Ex: HNO3 =Nitrogen – ogen + ic + Acid Nitric Acid HClO3 = Chloric Acid

6. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the Acid has one more Oxygen than the base acid, the naming goes as followed: To Name: Per + 3rd element + ic + Acid Ex: HNO4 = Per + Nitrogen – ogen + ic + Acid Pernitric Acid H2SO5 = Persulfuric Acid

7. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the Acid has one less Oxygen than the base acid, the naming goes as followed: To Name: 3rd element + ous + Acid Ex: HNO2 = Nitrogen – ogen + ous + Acid Nitrous Acid H2SO3 = Sulfurous Acid

8. Naming Acids (cont.) • If the Acid has two less Oxygens than the base acid, the naming goes as followed: To Name: Hypo +3rd element + ous + Acid Ex: HClO = Hypo +chlorine –ine + ous + Acid Hypochlorous Acid HNO = Hyponitrous Acid

9. Naming Bases • Name the metal first • Add Hydroxide Ex: NaOH = Sodium Hydroxide KOH = Potassium Hydroxide

10. Practicing Naming Acids & Bases

11. Practice Naming Acids & Bases

12. Naming Various Acid Forms

13. Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)

14. Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)

15. Naming Various Acid Forms (cont.)