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Concussion

Angela Styers MS,ATC,AT Mohican Sports Medicine. Concussion. Concussion. Prevention Education of parents, coaches, and athletes There does not have to be LOC Important for athletes to report symptoms to prevent death from Second Impact Syndrome Rule changes NFHS Tackling heads up

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Concussion

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  1. Angela Styers MS,ATC,AT Mohican Sports Medicine Concussion

  2. Concussion • Prevention • Education of parents, coaches, and athletes • There does not have to be LOC • Important for athletes to report symptoms to prevent death from Second Impact Syndrome • Rule changes • NFHS • Tackling heads up • Well maintained Equipment • NOCSAE • There is not a concussion proof helmet!

  3. Concussion Signs and Symptoms Headache Dizziness Disorientation Loss of Consciouness (LOC) Amnesia Nausea/vomiting Neck Pain Sleep Disturbances • Unable to concentrate/focus • Irritability • Visual Changes • Drowsiness • Fatigue • Tinnitus • Change in Personality

  4. Concussion Pathophysiology

  5. Concussion/Traumatic Brain Injury • This is a brain injury—not a “ding” or “rung bell” • Mostly self reported symptoms • A concussion is a change in the cellular function of the brain due to a traumatic injury. • Need to think of these as a traumatic brain injury • Once an athlete has had 1 concussion they are 3 times more likely to get another one. • We don’t know how many concussions are too many. • The Adolescent brain is not the same as the adult brain

  6. Second Impact Syndrome(SIS) • This is a condition where the brain swells rapidly after a second impact before the first brain injury/concussion heals. • 50% of athletes will die from SIS • 100% will become disabled from SIS • It is so important to hold the athlete out until their concussion is healed.

  7. Concussion Care • Pull immediately from practice • Have athlete see athletic trainer immediately if possible • If athlete is getting better release to parents • If athlete is worsening send to ER • If they have neck pain stabilize head and neck and call 9-1-1 • Monitor ABC’s • If symptoms get progressively worse call 9-1-1 • Have athlete follow up with either a doctor with sports medicine background, athletic trainer, or neurologist for RTP decisions

  8. RTP protocol for Concussions Step 1-complete rest until asymptomatic Step 2-Light aerobic exercise (stationary bike) If symptoms return—back to step 1 Step 3-Sport specific exercise-running/conditioning drills--no head impact drills Step 4-Non-contact drills—resistance training-passing in football Step 5-Contact drills-after medical clearance Steps 6-Game play

  9. Concussion • National Athletic Trainers Association Concensus on Concussion http://www.nata.org/jat/readers/archives/44.4/attr-44-04-434.pdf ESPN Outside the Lines, Nov. 2007 http://espn.go.com/video/clip?id=3094263&categoryid=null • ESPN E:60 Second Impact, May 2010 • http://espn.go.com/video/clip?id=5163151

  10. Concussion • Heads Up on Tackling http://www.nata.org/consumer/headsup.htm

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