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Chapter 6

Chapter 6. Organic Matter. Objectives. Explain what organic matter is and how it forms Describe what organic matter does in the soil List several ways to maintain soil organic matter Discuss the problem of nitrogen tie-up Define organic soil, listing uses and problems. Amino acid

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Chapter 6

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  1. Chapter 6 Organic Matter Soil Science & Management, 4E

  2. Objectives • Explain what organic matter is and how it forms • Describe what organic matter does in the soil • List several ways to maintain soil organic matter • Discuss the problem of nitrogen tie-up • Define organic soil, listing uses and problems Soil Science & Management, 4E

  3. Amino acid Carbon-nitrogen ratio Cellulose Colloids Compost Cover crop Fibric Green manure Hemic Hemicellulose Humification Humus Labile Lignin Muck Nitrogen depression period Organic matter Terms to Know Soil Science & Management, 4E

  4. Terms to Know • Organic soils • Peat • Recalcitrant • Proteins • Sapric • Starch • Subsidence Soil Science & Management, 4E

  5. The Nature of Organic Matter • Chemical makeup of organic matter Figure 6-2 Soil Science & Management, 4E

  6. The Process of Decay • Factors affecting organic matter Soil Science & Management, 4E

  7. Functions of Organic Matter • Nutrient and water storage • Nutrient availability • Soil aggregation • Preventing erosion • Undesirable effects Soil Science & Management, 4E

  8. Maintaining Soil Matter • Conservation tillage • Crop residues • Green manuring and cover cropping • Crop rotation • Organic matter additions • Mulches • Increasing soil water • Maximum cropping Soil Science & Management, 4E

  9. Nitrogen Tie-up and Composting Figure 6-7 Soil Science & Management, 4E

  10. Nitrogen Tie-up and Composting Figure 6-8 Soil Science & Management, 4E

  11. Nitrogen Tie-up and Composting • Composting Figure 6-9 Soil Science & Management, 4E

  12. Organic Soils • Horticultural peat Figure 6-11 Soil Science & Management, 4E

  13. Organic Matter and Global Climate • Soil organic matter affects ecosystems, growers, and global climate Soil Science & Management, 4E

  14. Summary • Amount of organic matter depends on: • Vegetation • Climate • Soil texture • Soil drainage • Tillage • Improves soil • Preserve organic matter Soil Science & Management, 4E

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