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Protection

Protection . review. Administrative law Criminal law Civil law International law Statutory law Constitutional law. Protection-Article 1 Sec. 9. Protection. Civil liberties. Civil Rights. 14 th Amendment-. Yick Wo v. Hopkins. 1868-14 th Amendment ratified

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Protection

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  1. Protection

  2. review • Administrative law • Criminal law • Civil law • International law • Statutory law • Constitutional law

  3. Protection-Article 1 Sec. 9

  4. Protection

  5. Civil liberties

  6. Civil Rights • 14th Amendment-

  7. YickWo v. Hopkins • 1868-14th Amendment ratified • 1886-first Supreme Court decision on “equal protection clause” • Summary: Chinese immigrant YickWo (not a citizen) violated permit ordinance in San Francisco and fined; sued for write of habeus corpus after imprisoned after refusing to pay fine.

  8. Principles Established by YickWo?

  9. Principles Established by YickWo • Laws must be sound & fair in practice (Justice Kennedy) • Law that’s administered with an evil eye or unequal hand violates your right to equal protection (Justice Kennedy) • Even well written laws must be applied consistently, fairly • If laws applied in an arbiturary way, they can be used to discriminate against a person, group, or even entire race • Facially neutral law is a violation of equal protect when it operates to discriminate in practice • Equal protection applies to citizens AND non-citizens

  10. What Makes laws unfair?

  11. What makes laws unfair • Examples: • San Francisco ordinances- • required tax on every Chinese passenger traveling by ship; • against lewd women and other undesirables coming to San Francisco by steamer; • required every dwelling had to have 500 cuft of air/occupant; • required those in jail to have their hair shaved to within 1 in; • required all laundries not make of brick or stone to get a special certificate of operation from the San Francisco board of supervisors

  12. I pretend I feel I touch I worry I cry I am I understand I say I dream I try I hope I am I AM…A Criminal I am I wonder I hear I see I am

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