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Psychometric Modeling and Calibration

Psychometric Modeling and Calibration. Ron D. Hays, Ph.D. September 11, 2006 PROMIS development process session 10:45am-12:30 pm. PROMIS Domains. Physical functioning (Hays/Bjorner) Pain (Revicki) Fatigue (Lai) Emotional distress (Choi/Reise) Social/role participation (Bode/Hahn).

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Psychometric Modeling and Calibration

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  1. Psychometric Modeling and Calibration Ron D. Hays, Ph.D. September 11, 2006 PROMIS development process session 10:45am-12:30 pm

  2. PROMIS Domains • Physical functioning (Hays/Bjorner) • Pain (Revicki) • Fatigue (Lai) • Emotional distress (Choi/Reise) • Social/role participation (Bode/Hahn)

  3. Datasets • Cancer Item Banks (Northwestern) • Digitalis Investigation Group Study--randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial evaluating effect of digoxin on mortality in 581 patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm. • IMMPACT--internet-based survey of individuals with chronic pain from the American Chronic Pain Association website • Medical Outcomes Study--observational study of persons with hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and/or depression in Boston, Chicago, and Los Angeles • WHOQOL-100 data (n = 442 from U.S. field center)

  4. Types of Analyses • Classical Test Theory Statistics • IRT Model Assumptions • Model Fit • Differential Item Functioning • Item Calibration

  5. Classical Test Theory Statistics • Out of range • Item frequencies and distributions • Inter-item correlations • Item-scale correlations • Internal consistency reliability

  6. IRT Model Assumptions • (Uni)dimensionality • Local independence • Monotonicity

  7. Sufficient Unidimensionality • Confirmatory factor models • One factor • Bifactor (general and group factors)

  8. Local Independence • After controlling for dominant factor(s), item pairs should not be associated. • Look at residual correlations (> 0.20)

  9. Monotonicity • Probability of selecting a response category indicative of better health should increase as underlying health increases. • Item response function graphs with • y-axis: proportion positive for item step • x-axis: raw scale score minus item score

  10. Category Response Curves for Samejima’s Graded Response Model

  11. Model Fit • Compare observed and expected response frequencies by item and response category • Items that do not fit and less discriminating items identified and reviewed by content experts

  12. Differential Item Functioning • Uniform DIF • Threshold parameter • Non-uniform DIF • Discrimination parameter • Gender, race/ethnicity, age, disease

  13. Item Calibration • Item parameters (threshold, discrimination) • Mean differences for studied disease groups

  14. Example of Lessons Learned in Secondary Analyses • Emotional distress • Cannot be adequately modeled as a unidimensional construct. • Limited representation of positive end of construct • Several items having some response options that provide little information.

  15. Documentation • eRoom • Public website:http://www.nihpromis.org/ • Peer-reviewed manuscripts, e.g.: • Hays, R. D. et al. (submitted). Item response theory analyses of physical functioning items in the Medical Outcomes Study. • Reeve, B. B. (submitted). Psychometric evaluation and calibration of health-related quality of life items banks: Plans for the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) • Presentations: • Tomorrow 4:15-6:15

  16. Questions?

  17. Datasets Subjected to Psychometric Analysis • Cancer Fatigue:Cancer Item Banking Project at NWU • Cancer Pain:Cancer Item Banking Project at NWU • Cancer Social:Cancer Item Banking Project at NWU • CSSCD:Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (pediatric) • CHC:Chronic Hepatitis C Study • CHS:Cardiovascular Health Study • DIG:Digitalis Investigation Group Quality of Life Sub-study • IMMPACT:Multiple Pain Projects • MOS:Medical Outcomes Study • NGHS:National Growth and Health Study (peds.) • Q-Score:Cancer Quality of Life Project at NWU • WHOQOL:World Health Organization Quality of Life Project

  18. Datasets Subjected to Psychometric Analysis PROMIS Domains Emotional Distress Fatigue Pain Physical Function Social Role Participation CHS (NWU/Cook) CHC (Medtap/Revicki & Chen) Cancer Pain (NWU/Lai) CHS (NWU/Cook) CHS (NWU/Cook) DIG (UCLA/Hays) DIG (UCLA/Hays) CHS (NWU/Cook) IMMPACT (Medtap/Revicki & Chen) Cancer Social (NWU/Bode) MOS (UCLA/Hays & Spritzer) Q-Score (NWU/Bode) Cancer Fatigue (NWU/Lai) WHOQOL (UCLA/Hays) WHOQOL (UCLA/Hays) Q-Score (NWU/Lai) WHOQOL (UCLA/Hays) WHOQOL (UCLA/Hays) CSSCD (NWU) WHOQOL (UCLA/Hays) NGHS (NWU) NGHS (NWU)

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