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PSYC 342: Psychopharmacology

PSYC 342: Psychopharmacology. Schizophrenia. Biochemical Models of Schizophrenia. The DOPAMINE Hypothesis: hyPERfunction of dopamine  positive symptoms “Pros” P otency-affinity correlation (positive symptoms) Effect of DA agonists (cocaine, amphetamines) “Cons”

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PSYC 342: Psychopharmacology

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  1. PSYC 342: Psychopharmacology Schizophrenia

  2. Biochemical Models of Schizophrenia The DOPAMINE Hypothesis: hyPERfunction of dopamine  positive symptoms • “Pros” • Potency-affinity correlation (positive symptoms) • Effect of DA agonists (cocaine, amphetamines) • “Cons” • “Law of Thirds” – treatment resistant cases, negative and cognitive symptoms • Simple increases in homovanillic acid (HVA) not found

  3. The GLUTAMATE hypothesis: hyPOfunction of glutamate  positive AND negative symptoms • PCP (NMDA blocker)  positive, negative, cognitive and affective symptoms • How does this relate to dopamine?

  4. Etiology: What comes first, the Chicken or the Egg? • Neuropsychological Tests • Wisconsin Card Sorting Task • Psychophysiological irregularities • Eye movements • EEG response pattern to event perception • Structural anomalies • Ventricular enlargement • Hypofrontality • Cell disorganization in hippocampus

  5. Chicken or the Egg? • Heredity

  6. Putting it together • Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis (Diathesis-stress) • Genetic predisposition (diathesis) • “Stress” (catalyst e.g. viral exposure, malnutrition, cortisol, etc.) • Early life alteration of neural development/lesion • Negative symptoms related to mesocortical failure • Positive symptoms related to overactivity of mesolimbic • Symptoms appear later with increasing psychosocial/cognitive demands and/or after full neural development (pruning)

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