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Ninja and the Post-PC Era

Ninja and the Post-PC Era. David Culler U.C. Berkeley Mar 12, 1999. http://ninja.cs.berkeley.edu http://postPC.cs.berkeley.edu. Natural Tides of Innovation. Innovation. ??. Integration. Personal Computer Workstation Server. Log R. Minicomputer. Mainframe. 2/99. Time.

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Ninja and the Post-PC Era

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  1. Ninja and the Post-PC Era David Culler U.C. Berkeley Mar 12, 1999 http://ninja.cs.berkeley.edu http://postPC.cs.berkeley.edu

  2. Natural Tides of Innovation Innovation ?? Integration Personal Computer Workstation Server Log R Minicomputer Mainframe 2/99 Time Lucent visit

  3. Exciting components Lucent visit

  4. Historical Perspective • New eras of computing start when the previous era is so strong it is hard to imagine that things could ever be different • mainframe -> mini • mini -> workstation -> PC • PC -> ??? • It is always smaller than what came before. • Most think of the new technology as “just a toy” • The new dominant use was almost completely absent before. • Technology spread increases • So where are we headed in the post-PC era? Lucent visit

  5. Away from the “average device” • Powerful, personal capabilities from specialized devices • small, highly mobile or embedded in the environment • Intelligence + immense storage and processing in the infrastructure • Everything connected Devices Laptops, Desktops Lucent visit

  6. Your PDA connects to the local infrastructure and asks it to build a custom GUI • Next, your PDA asks the infrastructure for a path out to your personal information space, where agents are processing your e-mail, v-mail, faxes, and pages You have complete, secure, optimized access to local devices and your private resources Imagine • You walk into a room Lucent visit

  7. Bases • highly available • persistent state (safe) • databases, agents • “home” base per user • service programming environment Wide-Area Path • Active Proxies • not packet routers • soft-state • well-connected • localization (any to any) • Units • sensors / actuators • PDAs / smartphones / PCs • heterogeneous • Minimal functionality: “Smart Clients” Structured Architecture Lucent visit

  8. Service Execution Environment operator upload • parallel application framework on Bases • RMI++ hides complexity of scalability and availability • Dynamic customization and composition • apSpace is limited execution environment for AR Service request service threads Persistent Storage Managed RMI++ Physical processor Operators Caches Lucent visit

  9. Base Execution Environment • Ninja RMI • Sun RMI compatible serialization and thread management • ninja remote object + TCP or UDP or Multicast UDP (Active Msg soon) + Authenticated public key • iS-box • customizable service VM • Redirector = iSpace Lucent visit

  10. iS-box • Loader Extends JVM to support services • LoadService (URL, name, args) • ListServices • GetService(name) -> svc obj • KillService • Trusted services loaded at startup • Security MGR interposes on method calls • loaded as a trusted service iS-Loader Trusted-Services Security MGR JVM Lucent visit

  11. Push Services into the Infrastructure • GetService returns service object • Programming Model for Service Methods? New service iS-Loader Trusted-Services Service Methods RMI stubs Security MGR JVM Generated by RMI compiler Lucent visit

  12. Multi-Space iS-box iS-box iS-box iS-box Node Node Node Node System Area Network Scalable iSpace • Multi-Space services across group of iS-boxes • List, Get, or Load Service from any • Get returns redirector stub iS-Loader Multi-Space Loader Multi-Space SVC Security MGR JVM Lucent visit

  13. Redirector Stub • Uses almost same RMI dynamic code generation • Produces RMI stub that manages load balancing and fail-over across iS-boxes in iSpace • Allows full spectrum of smart-client, front-end, flat cluster Load Balance / Fail-over Policy RMI stubs Generated by RMI compiler Distributed Objects - not just remote Lucent visit

  14. Existing Applications • Ninja "NOW Jukebox" • Harnesses Berkeley Network of Workstations • Plays real-time MPEG-3 audio served from 110+ CD's worth of music • Voice-enabled room control • Speech-to-text Operators control room services (camera, lights, microphone) • Eventual integration with GSM cell phones and PDA-based UI • Stock Trading Service • Accesses real-time stock data from Internet • Programmatic interface to buy/sell/trade stocks through online brokerage • NinjaFAX • Programmable remotely-accessed FAX machine service • Send/receive FAXes; authentication used for access control • Keiretsu: The Ninja Pager Service • Provides instant messaging service via Web, 1/2-way pagers, WorkPads, etc. Lucent visit

  15. Future Applications • Universal Inbox • e-mail, FAX, pager, voicemail accessible anywhere • Universal Remote • multiple-UI control of household/room devices • automatic UI generation • Ecash Mint • Authenticated service to act as digital secure cash mint Lucent visit

  16. Complements industry PostPC efforts • Get maximum number of applications first • 1990 PC capality in handheld device • microkernel port of Unix or Windows • emulate vast API • Turn devices into appliances • Mobile extension of dedicated PC • take short excursion and synch • Success of the Palm Pilot with primitive OS and split application model is significant • it’s the approach, not the technical superiority • Need to develop foundations for next generation Lucent visit

  17. Seeds sewn in many projects • Devices - Infopad, IRAM • Scalable Servers - NOW, Millennium • Storage - Tertiary Disk, Istore, Aetherstore • Sensors and Actuators - BSAC • Connectivity - BWRC • Transcoding Services - Wingman, Mediaboard • Platform Architecture - Ninja • Computing/Telephony Integration - Iceberg • Programming Enviornments and Tools • User interfaces - Notepals Lucent visit

  18. Building the Bazaar • What we need is not just a new research project, but a new “computing culture” => Build a department-wide, universal wireless PDA infrastructure and a community to take it forward • Initial Seed Fall 98 with IBM • 150+ IBM workpads + lots of cradles + IR + ??? • Initial community • Ninja, ICEBERG, MASH grad students • Senior UI Class (CS 160) • All interested 1st year CS grads (CS 252, 261, 262 projects) • Fill out based on interest, talent and availability => “ask a good question and get yours” seminar Lucent visit

  19. Fall’98 Project Excerpts • E-Commerce and Security • Pay-Per-Use Services on the Palm Computing Platform (Mike Chen, Andrew Geweke) • Secure Email Infrastructure for PDAs (Hoon Kang, Rob von Behren) • SyncAnywhere - Secure Network HotSync (Mike Chen, Helen Wang) • Groupware • Kiretsu - Ninja Instant Messaging Service (Matt Welsh, Steve Gribble) • The MASH MediaPad - Shared Electronic Whiteboard for the PalmPilot (Yatin Chawathe) • NotePals - Lightweight Meeting Support Using PDAs (Richard Davis) • OSKI - Open Shared Kalendaring Infrastructure (Jason Hong, Brad Morrey, Mark Newman) • OS and Communications • PalmRouter - Networking Sporadically Connected Devices (Andras Ferencz, Robert Szewczyk) • Numerous Architecture Studies • Excellent UI Projects • Ink Chat, Nutrition/Excercise Tracker, Rendezvous - Meeting Scheduler Lucent visit

  20. Some Lessons • Communication is enabling • low-power wireless needs to be like IP • Virtual Environment is important • Devices connect “into the infrastructure” • Network HotSync, groupware, centralized e-mail => Need lean, clean communication substrate • “User Service” is fundamental • not just profile and customization info • routing point for security • Much room for improvement in devices • trade BW for compute or storage • Development effort is the limiting factor • OSKI: 1 person for infrastructure, 2 for WorkPad => need complete distributed system debugging and simulation environment Lucent visit

  21. Massive Cluster Clusters Gigabit Ethernet Servers Desktop PCs Wireless Infrastructure Future Devices Cell Phones PDAs Momentum Building • Deploy postPC infrastructure throughout building • Millennium provides large-scale testbed • Ninja architecture allows developers to “Push Services into the Infrastructure” Lucent visit

  22. Oceanic Vision: fluid software • devices everywhere • backed by massive, fluid data storage and composible services • operating systems for vastly diverse devices • down to sensors and actuators • streaming data management • data derived from sensors and activities, not key entry • incremental query • automated negotiation architecture • derive organization from activities • social networking • computational economies Lucent visit

  23. Roles, Collaboration, and Environment • Bold, Rich PostPC Agenda Emerging • New balance of expertise and technology between industry and university • devices, components, networks, applications, users • New roles and relationships in collaboration • how do we share space, environment, culture, not just technology • Fundamentally new demands on the research space • ability to deploy smart spaces on a large scale • experimental wireless networking • new modes of human interaction • It’s not just what we build, but how we use it Lucent visit

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