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STRESS AND ADAPTATION

STRESS AND ADAPTATION. DEFINITIONS. Stress a condition in which the body responds to changes in it’s normal balanced state Stressor Anything that a person perceives as challenging, threatening, or demanding Adaptation

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STRESS AND ADAPTATION

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  1. STRESS AND ADAPTATION

  2. DEFINITIONS • Stress • a condition in which the body responds to changes in it’s normal balanced state • Stressor • Anything that a person perceives as challenging, threatening, or demanding • Adaptation • The change that takes place as the result of a persons response to stress.

  3. BODY’S RESPONSE TO STRESS • Fight or Flight Response • Psychosomatic Disorders • Local Adaptation Syndrome (LAS) • Reflex Pain Response • Inflammatory Response

  4. GENERAL ADAPTATION RESPONSE • Alarm Reaction – perceives stressor, defense mechanism activated (fight or flight) • Shock phase – body changes occur • Countershock – body changes reverse • Resistance – body attempts to adapt • Exhaustion – adaptive mechanism are exhausted

  5. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSES • Mild anxiety • Moderate anxiety • Severe anxiety • Panic

  6. COPING MECHANISMS • Behaviors • Crying laughing, sleeping, cursing • Physical activity • Smoking, drinking • Withdrawal eye contact avoidance • Limiting relationships • Task oriented behavior - taking steps to resolve stress • Attack behavior • Withdrawal behavior • Compromise behavior

  7. DEFENSE MECHANISMS • Compensation emphasize more desirable trait • Denial refuse to acknowledge disturbance • Displacement transfers emotional reaction from one object to another • Introjection incorporated another persons qualities or values into his own ego structure • Projection attribute own thoughts or impulses to another

  8. MORE DEFENSE MECHANISMS • Rationalization use of logic to justify action • Reaction formation conscious actions and attitudes that are opposite of what one really wants • Regression return to an earlier way of behaving • Repression involuntarily exclude anxiety producing stimulus from awareness • Sublimation substitute an acceptable method of behavior for one that is not. • Undoing act used to negate a previous act.

  9. STRESS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES • Relaxation • Meditation • Anticipatory Guidance • Guided Imagery • Biofeedback

  10. CRISIS INTERVENTION • Identify the problem • List alternatives • Choose from among alternatives • Implement the plan • Evaluate the outcome

  11. STRESS IN NURSING • Burnout similar to the exhaustion phase of anxiety • Student Nurses • Nclex exam • Life and school • Finances • New Graduates • New responsibilities

  12. WAYS TO COPE FOR NURSES • Become involved in constructive change • Support each other; be a team player • Take time to relax • Eat • Exercise regularly • Learn something new • Be assertive; Just say NO • Develop and maintain support systems

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