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VIETNAM

VIETNAM. 1968 A Tumultuous Year. HAWKS AND DOVES. HAWKS. DOVES. HAWKS AND DOVES. HAWKS. DOVES. PRO-WAR worldwide struggle against communism must protect SE Asia need ground troops to be successful Critical of Johnson for fighting a limited war not using all of America’s firepower

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VIETNAM

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  1. VIETNAM 1968 A Tumultuous Year

  2. HAWKS AND DOVES HAWKS DOVES

  3. HAWKS AND DOVES HAWKS DOVES • PRO-WAR • worldwide struggle against communism • must protect SE Asia • need ground troops to be successful • Critical of Johnson for • fighting a limited war • not using all of America’s firepower • Critical of Americans who didn’t support the war as unpatriotic • ANTI-WAR • Civil war among the Vietnamese people • None of our business • Critical of Johnson for • lying about the Gulf of Tonkin incident • size and purpose of troops • progress of the fighting • sacrificing Americans in an undeclared war • killing of Vietnamese citizens

  4. TET OFFENSIVE • December 1967 • Westmoreland: “war is almost won” • Enemy has no strength left • Tet: Vietnamese New Year • Celebrated late January/early February (lunar holiday) • Tet usually not a time of fighting (remember: civil war) • January 30, 1968 (Tet) • Massive attack by Vietcong • Every major city and installation in South Vietnam simultaneously

  5. RESULTS OF THE TET OFFENSIVE

  6. RESULTS OF TET – PARIS • U.S. agrees to talk with North Vietnamese • U.S. must agree to stop bombing North Vietnam • Talks go nowhere • "New agreement of sorts from the Paris peace talks. After a six hour talk, both sides finally agreed on corned beef on rye for lunch!“ • Couldn’t agree on shape of table!

  7. RESULTS OF TET – SOUTH VIETNAM • Ancient capital, Hue, destroyed • ARVN – Army of the Republic of South Vietnam (government army) retakes lost cities and towns • Government loses support • U.S. bombing intensifies in South Vietnam • Vietcong are everywhere • Westmoreland wants more troops

  8. RESULTS OF TET – UNITED STATES • Johnson criticized by both Hawks and Doves • More intense anti-war protests in U.S. • "That . . . war, killed the lady I really loved -- The Great Society.“ • March 31, 1968: Johnson announces he will not run again for president • Johnson announcement

  9. RESULTS OF TET – UNITED STATES • Democratic Party splinters between Hawk and Dove factions • April 4, 1968 Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmOBbxgxKvo • Intense race riots follow

  10. ELECTION OF 1968 – THE DEMOCRATS • Split in Democratic Party • Three Democrats seek nomination • Hubert Humphrey • Eugene McCarthy • Robert Kennedy

  11. ELECTION OF 1968 – THE DEMOCRATS • HUBERT HUMPHREY • Johnson’s Vice-President • Status Quo – continue Johnson’s policies • Support of “Old Guard” Democrats • Money of the Democratic Party • Hawks of the Democratic Party

  12. ELECTION OF 1968 – THE DEMOCRATS • Eugene McCarthy • Senator (Minnesota) • Challenged Johnson for nomination before Johnson dropped out • Opposed to war • Supported by • youth • anti-war people • Doves

  13. ELECTION OF 1968 – THE DEMOCRATS • Robert Kennedy • Senator (New York) • Opposed to war • Supported by • youth • anti-war people • Doves • How is he different from McCarthy? • Won California primary (June 4) – what ended his presidential bid? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lmc2EzkRDkI

  14. ELECTION OF 1968 – THE DEMOCRATS • Democratic Convention in Chicago • Humphrey gets nomination • Violence between Doves and police

  15. ELECTION OF 1968 • Three candidate race for president • Hubert Humphrey • Richard Nixon • George Wallace

  16. ELECTION OF 1968 • Hubert Humphrey • Ending war on our terms • “Peace with honor”

  17. ELECTION OF 1968 • Richard Nixon • End war on our terms • Restore “Law and Order” • Very much against anti-war protesters

  18. ELECTION OF 1968 • George Wallace • Former Governor of Alabama • Anti-civil rights • V-P candidate, Curtis LeMay, advocated using nukes in Vietnam • “The only four letter words hippies don’t know are w-o-r-k and s-o-a-p”

  19. ELECTION OF 1968 • If you are an anti-war activist who is your best choice? • Nixon • 43.4% of popular vote • 301 Electoral Votes • Humphrey • 42.7% of popular vote • 191 Electoral Votes • Wallace • 13.5% of popular vote • 45 Electoral Votes

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