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THAT CLAUSES

THAT CLAUSES. Many people believe something.(Main Clause) T hey must work hard in order to be happy.(That Clause) Many people believe that they must work hard in order to be happy. Forming That Clause. That clause has its own subject and verb.

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THAT CLAUSES

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  1. THAT CLAUSES

  2. Many people believe something.(Main Clause) • They must work hard in order to be happy.(That Clause) • Many people believe that they must work hard in order to be happy.

  3. Forming That Clause • That clause has its own subject and verb. Many Americans think that anyone can succeed. (subject) (verb) (subject) (verb) (MAIN CLAUSE) (THAT CLAUSE)

  4. In speaking and informal writing, you can omit “that” . In academic writing, you can’t. Most people recognize cooperation is important(informal) Most people recognize that cooperation is important.(formal)

  5. Using That Clause • You can use some verbs before that clause: • Assume, believe, decide, discover, expect, feel, find(out), guess, hear, hope, imagine, know, learn, notice, read, realize, recognize, say, see, show, suppose, think, understand Can we assumethat the core values have remained the same? Some people believethat hard work brings happiness.

  6. That Clauses in Sentences with Present Verbs in the Main Clause • When the main clause is in the present, use a present form in the “that clause” to express a general fact or truth. Many Americans feelthat nothing is impossible. Some cultures think that cooperation is very important.

  7. When the main clause is in the present, use a past form in the “that clause” to describe a past event. Some historians don’t think that early American history influenced American culture. (event in the past)

  8. When the main clause is in the present, use a future form in the “that clause” to describe a future event. I assumethat you are going to do more research.

  9. That Clauses in Sentences with Past verbs in the Main Clause • When the main clause is in the past, use a past form in the “that clause”to describe an event that happened at the same time as the event in the main clause. Nineteenth-century Americans knewthat hard work was necessary.(PAST-PAST)

  10. When the main clause is in the past, use a present form in the “that clause” to express a universal truth that applies to present. Who discoveredthat the Earth is round and not flat?

  11. Use the past perfect progressive or past perfect when the event in the “that clause” happened before the event in the “main clause”. I discoveredthat she had been copying my history research for years.

  12. That Clauses After Adjectives and Nouns

  13. After Adjectives • You can use a “that clause” after adjectives that express certainty and emotion: certain, pleased, glad, happy, sure… I’m certainthat I haven’t read enough about American culture. They were pleasedthat he accepted the invitation.

  14. Also you can use the “certain” adjectives with “it” It is certain/clear/evident/(un)fortunate/interesting/(un)likely/surprising/understandable that….. It is evidentthat many other cultures have influenced U.S. culture.

  15. After Nouns • You can use that clauses after nouns that express thoughts and ideas, such as belief, feeling, impression, possibility. It was our impressionthat the historian was wrong.

  16. You can use Theconcern/Thepoint/Theproblem/Thedifference/Thehope/Theidea/Theimpression/Thesaying/Theview + be + that The concern was that we would never find out the truth. The point is that the U.S. is a very large country. The problem is that very individualistic people can find it hard to work in a group.

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