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Chapter 9. Predicting Reaction Products. 1. Single Replacement Reactions. Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces another in a compound. A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (-). element + compound compound + element
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Chapter 9 Predicting Reaction Products
1. Single Replacement Reactions • Single Replacement Reactionsoccur when one element replaces another in a compound. • A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (-). • element + compound compound + element A + BC AC + B (if A is a metal)OR A + BC BA + C (if A is a nonmetal) (remember the cation always goes first!) When H2O splits into ions, it splits into H+ and OH- (not H+ and O2- !!)
Single Replacement Reactions • Predict the products of the following reaction: • Aluminum metal reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl). Al(s) + HCl(aq) AlCl3(aq) + H2(g)
Practice • Al + Sn3P2 → • Cr(NO3)3 + Pb → • F2 + Na2O → • Na + water →
2. Double Replacement Reactions • Double Replacement Reactionsoccur when the cations in two compounds switch places. • compound + compound compound + compound • AB + CD AD + CB
Double Replacement Reactions • To build your two new compounds switch the cations. Check ion charges to build neutral compounds and write the cation first. • Example: AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s) • Another example: K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq) 2KNO3(aq)+ BaSO4(s)
Practice • HCl + AgNO3 • CaCl2 + Na3PO4 • Pb(NO3)2 + BaCl2 • FeCl3 + NaOH • KOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq)
3. Decomposition Reactions • Thesimplest decomposition reactions occur when a binary compound breaks up into its elements. Compound Element + Element • In general: AB A + B • Example: 2 H2O 2H2 + O2 • Example: 2 HgO 2Hg + O2
Decomposition PbO2(s) AlN(s)
Practice • Mg3P2 → • LiCl →
4. Synthesis reactions • The simplest Synthesis reactions occur when two elements combine and form a binarycompound. element + element compound • Basically: A + B AB • Example: 2H2 + O2 2H2O • Example: Fe+ Cl2 FeCl2
Synthesis Na(s) + Cl2(g)
Practice • Mg(s) + F2(g) • Al(s) + O2(g)
Combustion • Combustion reactions combine a hydrocarbon with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. - C5H12 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Practice • C10H22 + O2 • C12H22O11 + O2
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples (In Notebook) • HgO • Al + Pb(NO3)2 • K + water • N2O5 • PbCl2 + Li2SO4
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples (In Notebook) • HgO • Al + Pb(NO3)2 • K + water • N2O5 • PbCl2 + Li2SO4
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples • Cl2 + LiI • H2 + O2 • AgNO3 + K2SO4 • CH3OH + O2 • Pb + Cu(NO3)2
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples • Cl2 + LiI • H2 + O2 • AgNO3 + K2SO4 • CH3OH + O2 • Pb + Cu(NO3)2
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples • C3H8 + O2 • MgBr2 + FePO4 • Li2S • K + Br2
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples • C3H8 + O2 • MgBr2 + FePO4 • Li2S • K + Br2
Homework • “6 example problems” (on the back of Prediction of Reaction Products – In Class Examples).