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SWOT Analysis. HDPE Pipe. March 26, 2009 Jeffery Hite, Director Technical Promotions, Rinker Materials Concrete Pipe Division. 2. Confessions from two former HDPE Pipe Engineers. “I’m afraid our new advertising budget will allow only for fooling some of the people some of the time.”.
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SWOT Analysis HDPE Pipe March 26, 2009 Jeffery Hite, Director Technical Promotions, Rinker Materials Concrete Pipe Division www.concrete-pipe.org
2 Confessions from two former HDPE Pipe Engineers “I’m afraid our new advertising budget will allow only for fooling some of the people some of the time.” www.concrete-pipe.org
What’s in my right hand? www.concrete-pipe.org
High Density Polyethylene Pipe Producers www.concrete-pipe.org
The Two as One Concept • ADS bought out Hancor • This one company will play itself as two different companies • Two websites • Two products (Green and Blue Stripes) • Acceptance • This one company will play itself as one company • National Level • Speaks for entire industry • They will play themselves either way. Strengths www.concrete-pipe.org
ADS/Hancor plan on Attack • Follow the path of least resistance • Path 1- Seek product approval in smaller municipal markets and move up to larger ones • Path 2- Political Pressure • Path 3- Developer Route • Path 4- Test Project www.concrete-pipe.org
National Plan of Attack • Adjacent States • Political • TRB, AASHTO, and ASTM www.concrete-pipe.org
Deflection • Post Installation Deflection Testing (laser profiling and mandrels) • Achilles' Heel For HDPE Pipe Weaknesses www.concrete-pipe.org
ME VT WA MT ND MN NH NY OR WI MA ID MI RI SD WY CT PA IA OH NJ NE IN IL DE MD WV VA UT CO NV MO CA KS KY NC TN OK AR SC AZ NM MS GA AL AK LA TX FL www.concrete-pipe.org
UTA Laser Video Program • University of Texas at Arlington • Performed Research in 7 States • Texas, Minnesota, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Kansas and Missouri • Study released in six states • Texas, North Carolina, Virginia, Minnesota, Missouri, and Kansas • Pending States • Florida, California, Ontario, Colorado www.concrete-pipe.org
Kansas Minnesota Missouri Virginia N. Carolina Texas S. Carolina • North Carolina: • 6 Sites • 11 Pipes • South Carolina: • 4 Sites • 6 Pipes • Virginia: • 8 Sites • 21 Pipes • Minnesota: • 9 Sites • 31 Pipes • Texas: • 9 Sites • 22 Pipes • Kansas: • 2 Sites • 8 Pipes • Missouri: • 4 Sites • 13 Pipes Total of 106 pipes over 38 sites www.concrete-pipe.org
Excessive Deformation • Change in pipe diameter calculated from Variance of expected diameter • Maximum of X Deformation, Y Deformation and Ovality is considered as the maximum deformation • Limit of 5% deformation adopted for excessive deformation definition • Some pipelines showed as much as 21.8% deformation www.concrete-pipe.org
Excessive Deformation X Diameter Deformation = 11.7% Y Diameter Deformation = -15.8% X Diameter Deformation = 10.5% Y Diameter Deformation = -16.1% (Texas) (Virginia) www.concrete-pipe.org
Example of Deformation Graph (Texas) Maximum Deformation of the pipeline =19.5% a) b) www.concrete-pipe.org
Summary of Observed Failures www.concrete-pipe.org
19 Results so far… • 106 pipelines. • 38 sites in six states. • 17,985 feet of pipe. • 100% suffered from one or more failure modes. • 70% suffered from excessive deflection. www.concrete-pipe.org
Installation • It doesn’t do what it is suppose to do • Usually, over half of the HDPE pipe installations do not live up to its expectations • Problem is no one is checking and notifying • Excuses • Foot dragging • Hard to inspect • Things are changing www.concrete-pipe.org
This is how the HDPE Pipe handle this • Post Installation- not necessary • Let us provide mandrels • If there is a problem- it is not our fault • Shift the blame- contractor responsible for installation, we guarantee materials. • We will help out- let’s provide you with some free pipe with a promise not to tell anyone. www.concrete-pipe.org
Most InstallationsHave Issues Use Our Mandrels(Base Diameter) Few Inspectors LookFor Issues Blame The Contractor Process Weakness HDPE Solutions Difficult / ExpensiveTo Install Deflection Is NotA Problem www.concrete-pipe.org
What Diameter Is It? • 5% Base = 8.2% Actual(for this example) • Different Manufacturers Vary www.concrete-pipe.org
If none of the previous stuff works • Take our free replacement pipe. • Our warranty only covers material and not labor or damages. • We will provide an extended performance bond. • Sign this non-disclosure agreement. www.concrete-pipe.org
Other Major Weaknesses • Complicated Design Method • Oxidation and Stress Cracking • Failures and Lawsuits • Natural Gas Prices • Key Personnel Getting Old www.concrete-pipe.org
Complicated Design www.concrete-pipe.org
TL = Factored Thrust per unit length (kip/ft) Do = Outside diameter of pipe (ft) PF = Factored Vertical Crown Pressure (ksf) Fcr = Critical Buckling Stress (ksi) R = Radius to centroid (in) Aeff = Effective Area (in2/ft) B’ = Nonuniform stress distribution factor Rw = Water Buoyancy Factor s = Soil Stiffness Resistance factor MS = Constrained Soil Modulus (ksi) E = Modulus of Elasticity (ksi) I = Moment of Inertia (in4/in) H = Height of Cover s = Unit Weight of Soil EV = Earth Load Modifier EV = Earth Load Factor VAF = Vertical Arching Factor PSP = Earth Pressure EV = Water Load Factor PW = Water Pressure EV = Live Load Modifier EV = Live Load Factor CL = Live Load Distribution Coefficient PL = Live Load Pressure Aeff =Effective Area of Pipe Wall W = Spacing of Corrugation Ag = Gross Wall Area Within the Length of One Period εbu(max) = γB εc Fu = Long-Term Tensile Strength γB = 1.5 www.concrete-pipe.org
Stress cracking, oxidation, & finished product testing • Stress crack resistance testing is being upgraded. • Oxidation testing is still not in AASHTO. • No testing currently for finished product. www.concrete-pipe.org
Results of Oxidative Induction Time (OIT) values of 14 new HDPE corrugated pipes NCHRP Report 429 www.concrete-pipe.org
PPI Presentation to AASHTO 2002 www.concrete-pipe.org
PPI Presentation to AASHTO 2002 www.concrete-pipe.org
SERVICE LIFE OF HDPE DRAIN PIPE: A REVIEW OF THE RECENTLY PROPOSED SPECIFICATION AND AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO ACCELERATED TESTING Alexander Chudnovsky, PhD,, O. Manuel Uy, PhD, and Paul D. Wienhold www.concrete-pipe.org
Failures, costs, key personnel • Failures and Lawsuits • Costs • Bench Strength www.concrete-pipe.org
More Weaknesses • Time and Temperature Dependent Strength • Flammability • Flotation www.concrete-pipe.org
SAFETEA-LU • Downturn = use lowest cost pipe material. • Service Life • Guide national research in favor of HDPE. Opportunities www.concrete-pipe.org
Recycled resins are green. • Recycled resins are cheaper. Opportunities www.concrete-pipe.org
RCP is vulnerable to cracking and corrosion concerns. Opportunities www.concrete-pipe.org
Opportunities www.concrete-pipe.org
UTA • Increased Inspection • ACPA • Reliance on Natural Gas • New Flexible Products • 3rd Party Research • Green Concerns The Dirty Truth About Plastic 04.18.2008 BPA and other plastics may be as harmful as they are plentiful. by Jill Neimark , published in Discover Magazine in May 2008 Threats www.concrete-pipe.org
Results so far… • 106 pipelines. • 38 sites in six states. • 17,985 feet of pipe. • 100% suffered from one or more failure modes. • 68% suffered from excessive deflection. www.concrete-pipe.org
This will unquestionably raise the bar for concrete pipe expectations. www.concrete-pipe.org