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9/30 and 10/1. Practice quiz – ID epithelial tissues Notes – connective tissues Continue histology virtual lab. Connective Tissue. Binds, supports, protects, insulates, and transports. Characteristics. 1. Varying degrees of vascularity (fat vs. cartilage)
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9/30 and 10/1 • Practice quiz – ID epithelial tissues • Notes – connective tissues • Continue histology virtual lab
Connective Tissue • Binds, supports, protects, insulates, and transports
Characteristics 1. Varying degrees of vascularity (fat vs. cartilage) 2. Non-living component (matrix) and cells (secrete the matrix)
Matrix • Ground substance – fluid, proteins • Fibers • Collagen – tough and strong • Elastic - stretchy • Reticular – network of thin fibers
Matrix-making Cells • Fibroblasts • Chondroblasts • Osteoblasts • Hemocytoblasts • “blast” = builder cell
Other cell types… • “Clast” cells are “destroying” cells. • “Cytes” are mature cells
Let’s Get Organized… • Fibrous CT – loose, dense, reticular, adipose • Cartilage – hyaline, fibro, elastic • Bone • Blood
Loose (Areolar) CT • Most abundant CT • Under skin • Around organs • Surrounds capillaries • Gel-like matrix, collagen and elastin fibers • Lots of fibroblasts, macrophages
Loose (Areolar) CT Continued • Several Functions • Protection/cushion/support • Binding • Retains body fluids • Fights infection
Dense CT • 2 kinds – regular and irregular • Lots of fibers, few cells • Regular – fibers parallel • Tendons, ligaments • Irregular – fibers not parallel • Mat of strong tissue • Dermis
Reticular CT • 3-D network of fibers • Framework of spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow • Phagocytes • Defense, filtering
Adipose Tissue • Like LACT, more fat cells fewer other cells • Storage for excess food • Insulation • Protection, cushioning
Cartilage • Tough but flexible • Avascular • Looses mitotic ability w/age • Matrix – tough, gristle like • Chondrocytes in lacunae
Hyaline (“glassy”) Cartilage • Supports and cushions • Few fibers • Most abundant • Ends of bones, rings of respiratory tubes
Fibrocartilage • Similar to hyaline but more fibrous • Absorbs shock • Strongest and most durable • Between vertebrae, meniscus of knee
Elastic Cartilage • More elastic fibers • Flexibility/structure • Ear, larynx
Blood • No ground substance or fibers • Plasma and blood cells • Erythrocytes • Leukocytes • Thrombocytes • Transportation
Bone Tissue • Supports, protects, stores, produces • Osteocytes in lacunae • Matrix has fibers and mineral salts
What is Nervous Tissue? • Communication and regulation • Neurons and neuroglia (supporting cells)
3 Types of Muscle Tissue • Skeletal – attached to bones • Smooth – walls of organs, blood vessels, etc. • Cardiac - heart
Skeletal Muscle • Voluntary • Striated • Multinucleate • Long, narrow cells
Cardiac Muscle • Only in the heart • Involuntary • Striated • Long, branching cells • Intercalated discs • Multinucleate
Smooth Muscle • Function – propulsion • No striations • 1 nuclei • Tightly packed into a sheet • Involuntary