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Antenna and Wireless System Research in the ICWS

Antenna and Wireless System Research in the ICWS. ICWS Symposium, September 7, 2007. Prof. Jennifer T. Bernhard President-Elect, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Electromagnetics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

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Antenna and Wireless System Research in the ICWS

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  1. Antenna and Wireless System Research in the ICWS ICWS Symposium, September 7, 2007 Prof. Jennifer T. Bernhard President-Elect, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Electromagnetics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign jbernhar@uiuc.edu; http://antennas.ece.uiuc.edu

  2. Overview • Introduction • Unique Facilities • Research Sample: Antenna Reconfigurability • System Benefits of Reconfigurability • Conclusions

  3. Introduction: Antenna Research at Illinois • Current Research Group • 13 Graduate Students • 3 Undergraduate Students • Facilities • Bit Error Rate Measurement System • Vector Network Analyzers to 50 GHz • Anechoic Chamber/Wireless Wind Tunnel • Multiple Simulation Packages • HFSS, CST, IE3D, XFDTD, Wireless Insite, WinNEC, ADS, MATLAB, etc. • In-house Fabrication and Prototyping Facilities • In-house simulations in collaboration with the UIUC Center for Computational Electromagnetics (antennas, propagation, etc.) • Acknowledgments • Funding from NSF, US ARO, Intel, Motorola, Samsung, and others

  4. Wireless Wind Tunnel – New in 2007 A testbed for repeatable experimental evaluation of wireless system protocols. New fully shielded, fully anechoic chamber

  5. Bit Error Rate Measurement of Antennas New measurement system provides a powerful tool for the investigation of the complex relationship between antenna and array characteristics and ultimate system performance. Channel BW = 40 MHz QAM 128 10 Msym/s Channel BW = 70 MHz QAM 128 10 Msym/s

  6. Research Sample: Antenna Reconfigurability Antenna Reconfigurability: The capacity to change an individual radiator’s fundamental operating characteristics through electrical, mechanical, or other means. • Traditional phasing of signals between elements in an array to achieve beam forming and beam steering does not make the antenna reconfigurable. • Ideally, reconfigurable antennas should be able to alter their operating frequencies, impedance bandwidths, polarizations, and radiation patterns independently to accommodate changing operating requirements.

  7. Motivation for Antenna Reconfigurability • Too many antennas for multiple systems  Reduce number of antennas on platforms • Integrated multifunctional systems  Increase antenna functionality in small packages • Expand antenna functionality past traditional capabilities  Develop new antennas that meet new needs Photos courtesy of US Coast Guard and Motorola Potential applications in Cognitive Radio, SDR, MIMO, and Reconfigurable Sensing Systems

  8. Examples of Antenna Reconfigurability Pattern Reconfigurable Microstrip Parasitic Array Zhang, Huff, Cung and Bernhard, IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, 2005

  9. Examples of Antenna Reconfigurability Pattern Reconfigurable Spiral Microstrip Antenna with Packaged RF MEMS Switches Huff and Bernhard, IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, 2006

  10. Used a floor plan modeled in Wireless InSite* Constructed a 2x2 MIMO system using ideal isotropic antennas spaced λ/2 apart. Processed propagation data to calculate the capacity of a system using fictitious antennas with 60 degree beamwidths that are fully reconfigurable in the azimuth plane. Reconfigurability in MIMO - Simulations Example of a Wireless InSite simulation showing the five antenna positions that were tested * Remcom Incorporated, Wireless Insite User’s Manual, Version 2.2.2, 2006.

  11. Theoretical Capacity Gains in MIMO • Compared capacity data of the optimal reconfigurable antenna configuration to an average of all configurations and to links using isotropic antennas. • Simulated over three noise power levels: 0.1 nW, 1 nW, and 10 nW Average Capacities over all Noise Power Levels: Optimal: 16.5 bps/Hz Average: 3.3 bps/Hz Isotropic: 12.2 bps/Hz Capacity measurements at noise power = 1 nW SYSTEM BENEFITS

  12. Results show that very large capacity improvements are possible, especially at low values of SNR. Capacity improvements are very dependent on the propagation environment – may be significantly different in a different scenario. Measured Percentage Capacity Gains

  13. Conclusions • Antennas can play an active role in delivering improved system performance. • The Electromagnetics Laboratory and ICWS at Illinois have unique measurement capabilities that help to closely link device behavior to system performance. • Research in the ICWS is supporting the cooperative development of next generation antennas and wireless systems.

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