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Overview of Ghana's Biomass Energy Profile

This overview provides information on Ghana's biomass energy sector, including its contribution to the country's energy supply, its impact on the economy and livelihoods, and efforts to promote sustainable biomass use. It also highlights the decreasing use of biomass for charcoal production and the promotion of LPG as a fuel substitute.

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Overview of Ghana's Biomass Energy Profile

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  1. OVERVIEW OF GHANA’S BIOMASS ENERGY PROFILE Joseph Essandoh-Yeddu, PhD Director- Strategic Planning and Policy Energy Commission

  2. Biomass cover about 87% of the 23.8 million hectare land mass of Ghana. Source of supply of about 40% of the total energy used in the country. Woodfuel 90% from Natural forest and savannah 10% from logging and sawmilling wastes Almost all equipment and appliances (except chainsaws) produced locally Estimated to contribute ~ 2% GDP Supports livelihood of over 3 million people Estimated 65% workforce women Charcoal exports almost 4,000 tonnes per annum Biomass – Resource and Industry

  3. PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY KiloTonnes of Oil Equivalent (kTOE) *Revised - means Not Available. NB.: There is no information or data on solar (sunlight) used for drying of cash crops, commercial wood and clothing. Source: Energy Commission, 2019

  4. FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTIONKiloTonnes of Oil Equivalent (kTOE) *Revised NB: Electricity consumption includes commercial losses. There is no information or data on solar (sunlight) used for drying of cash crops, commercial wood and clothing. NB: Petroleum products consumed in 2016, 2017 and 2018 include natural gas used in the industry. Source: Energy Commission, 2019

  5. Result 2 – Biomass use decreasing but more wood needed for charcoal production WOOD FOR CHARCOAL PRODUCTION (KTOE) Source: Energy Commission

  6. Result 2 - continued FIREWOOD AND WOOD FOR CHARCOAL (KTOE) Source: Energy Commission

  7. Major charcoal production areas: Donkorkrom, Kintampo, Nkoranza, Wenchi, Kwame Danso, Damongo, Sissala, Tumu. The major production areas show physical signs of depleted woodfuel resources. As a result, producers have to travel longer distances in search of wood for charcoal production. WOODFUEL:CHARCOAL AND FIREWOOD

  8. CHARCOAL PRODUCTION TO CONSUMPTION Raw material Processing Marketing Consumption

  9. The Energy Commission is mandated to collaborate with relevant institutions to ensure the development and implementation of programmes to sustain woodfuel production and consumption. Woodlot plantations Improved kilns Improved charcoal stove promotion CONTROL & MANAGEMENT OF WOODFUEL

  10. PENETRATION (in %) OF FUELS FOR COOKING Source: GLSS, 2016, Ghana Statistical Service

  11. MAIN COOKING FUELS IN GHANA - 2018 Source: Ghana Statistical Service

  12. LPG promotion was started in 1989 by Ministry of Energy 5kg and14.5kg LPG cylinders were distributed freely to the public These initiatives were successful, increasing the annual consumption of LPG from 5,000 tonnes in 1990 to 34,000 tonnes in 1994. Annual LPG consumption LPG grew from 45,000 tonnes in 2000 to 220,000 tonnes in 2009. Fuel Substitution: LPG Promotion

  13. Aimed at helping to reverse the detrimental effect of the continuous burning of the more than 13 million tons of firewood annually. To ensure at least 50% of Ghanaians have access to safe and LPG for commercial, industrial and domestic use by 2020 LPG access in rural areas to improve from 3% in 2012 to 20% by 2020. Programme will distribute free cylinders, cook stove and all related accessories to beneficiaries in low access and low income areas. Fuel Substitution: LPG Promotion

  14. LPG vs CharcoalLPG for cooking decreasing again due to pricing

  15. LPG vs Charcoal LPG for cooking decreasing again due to pricing

  16. Price indicators

  17. Average household depending on both LPG and charcoal for cooking in 2012 Source: Energy Commission, 2018

  18. Woodlot for schools programme has been initiated. Teaming up with Forestry Commission for regeneration of degraded forests. Standards and labels for improved cookstoves are being developed by EC and GSA. Testing and expertise centres for improved cookstoves has been set up in Accra and Kumasi. CURRENT INTERVENTIONS

  19. Institute and enforce comprehensive biomass policies and regulations. Sensitize improved cookstove manufacturers to promote a range of technologies for varied needs. Sustain promoting use of LPG as substitute/complement to woodfuel to increase the access of households to LPG as main cooking fuels to 50% by 2020. The woodfuel sector ishighly informal and efforts are beingmadetoformaliseit. FUTURE INTERVENTIONS

  20. Thank you for your attentionJoseph Essandoh-Yeddu (PhD)

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