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Section 5.5. Special Factoring Formulas. The Difference of Two Squares. a 2 – b 2 = (a + b)(a – b) Examples: 1) 64x 2 – 9 2) 49x 2 – 81y 2 3) 169x 4 – 9y 4 4) x 6 – y 8. The Sum and Difference of Two Cubes. a 3 + b 3 = (a + b)(a 2 – ab + b 2 )
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Section 5.5 Special Factoring Formulas
The Difference of Two Squares • a2 – b2 = (a + b)(a – b) • Examples: • 1) 64x2 – 9 2) 49x2 – 81y2 • 3) 169x4 – 9y4 4) x6 – y8
The Sum and Difference of Two Cubes • a3 + b3= (a + b)(a 2 – ab + b2) • a3 - b3= (a - b)(a 2 + ab + b2) • Examples: • 1) x3 + 125 2) z3 – 216 • 3) 27m3 - bn3 4) 125x3 + 27y3
General factoring guidelines • 1. Factor out a GCF if possible. • 2. If it’s a binomial, determine if it’s the sum or difference of two cubes or the difference of 2 squares. IF so, use the appropriate formula. • 3. If it’s a trinomial, use the guess-and-check method from sections 5.3 and 5.4. • 4. If it has 4 terms, try factoring by grouping. • 5. Always double check to see if your factors can be factored further.