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Why does crime happen at certain places?. Charlotte Gill, Ph.D. Center for Evidence-Based Crime Policy, Dept of Criminology, Law & Society, Fairfax VA. Why does a crime happen?. Lack of supervision and guardianship. Informal/human No structured activities for youth
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Why does crime happen at certain places? Charlotte Gill, Ph.D. Center for Evidence-Based Crime Policy, Dept of Criminology, Law & Society, Fairfax VA
Lack of supervision and guardianship • Informal/human • No structured activities for youth • Neighbors don’t look out for each other • No place managers • Formal/mechanical • Poor street lighting • No/unmonitored CCTV
Low collective efficacy (‘neighborliness’) • neighbors don’t trust or look out for each other • people in transition (moving in and out, not connected to the place) • easy to get in and out quickly
Environment: Poor design • Building design and visibility problems • Store layout (placement of easy to steal items) • Poor definition of space (e.g. public vs. private property; inside/outside school) • Lack of access control (e.g. gates, card access)
Environment: Policy violations • Code violations • Trash, graffiti, junk says “nobody cares about this place” • Alcohol sales to minors • Noise complaints • Public transit policies (e.g. bus/rail pass restrictions)