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Chapter 17: Client/Server Computing

Chapter 17: Client/Server Computing. Business Data Communications, 4e. Client-Server Terminology. Applications Programming Interface (API) Client Middleware Relational Database Server Structured Query Language (SQL). Client-Server Environment. Why is Client-Server Different?.

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Chapter 17: Client/Server Computing

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  1. Chapter 17:Client/Server Computing Business Data Communications, 4e

  2. Client-Server Terminology • Applications Programming Interface (API) • Client • Middleware • Relational Database • Server • Structured Query Language (SQL) Business Data Communications, 4e

  3. Client-Server Environment Business Data Communications, 4e

  4. Why is Client-Server Different? • Emphasis on user-friendly client applications • Focus on access to centralized databases • Commitment to open and modular applications • Networking is fundamental to the organization Business Data Communications, 4e

  5. Advantages Networked web of computers Inexpensive but powerful array of processors Open systems Grows easily Individual client operating systems Disadvantages Maintenance nightmares Support tools lacking Retraining required Client-Server Pros & Cons Business Data Communications, 4e

  6. Generic Client/Server Architecture Business Data Communications, 4e

  7. Database Client/Server Architecture Business Data Communications, 4e

  8. Classes of Client/Server Architecture Business Data Communications, 4e

  9. 3-Tier Client/Server Architecture Business Data Communications, 4e

  10. Middleware • Standardized interfaces and protocols between clients and back-end databases • Hides complexity of data sources from the end-user • Compatible with a range of client and server options • All applications operate over a uniform applications programming interface (API). Business Data Communications, 4e

  11. Middleware Architecture Business Data Communications, 4e

  12. Logical View of Middleware Business Data Communications, 4e

  13. Middleware Mechanisms • Message-Oriented Middleware • Remote Procedure Calls • Object Request Brokers Business Data Communications, 4e

  14. Basic Message Passing Primitives Business Data Communications, 4e

  15. Remote Procedure Call Mechanism Business Data Communications, 4e

  16. Object-Oriented Mechanisms • Clients and servers ship messages between objects. • May rely on an underlying message or RPC structure or be developed directly on top of object-oriented capabilities in the operating system • Success depends on standardization of the object mechanism, but competing models exist • COM, OLE, CORBA Business Data Communications, 4e

  17. Intranets • Implementation of internet-based client/server technology within an organization, rather than for global connectivity • Immensely successful in corporate computing contexts Business Data Communications, 4e

  18. Rapid prototyping Scales effectively Little training required Can be implemented on variety of systems Open architecture allows interaction across platforms Supports a range of distributed servers Allows integration of legacy systems on client and server side Supports a range of media types Inexpensive to implement Advantages of Intranets Business Data Communications, 4e

  19. The Intranet Web • Web Content • The web can be used to effectively distribute content in a way that requires no new training for end-users • Web/Database Connectivity • Multiple tools exist to serve as middleware between web servers and data sources • Electronic Mail • Network News Business Data Communications, 4e

  20. Advantages Ease of administration Deployment Development speed Flexible information presentation Disadvantages Limited functionality Stateless operation makes tracking difficult Web/Database Connectivity Business Data Communications, 4e

  21. The Extranet Web • Extends the intranet concept to provide information and services to selected outside populations, such as customers and suppliers • Enables the sharing of information between companies • A TCP/IP enabled form of EDI Business Data Communications, 4e

  22. Advantages of Extranets • Reduced costs • More marketable products • Increased productivity • Enhanced profits • Reduced inventories • Faster time to market Business Data Communications, 4e

  23. Methods for Converting Intranets to Extranets • Long-distance dial-up access • Internet access to intranet with security • Internet access to an external server that duplicates some of a company’s intranet data • Internet access to an external server that originates database queries to internal servers • Virtual private network Business Data Communications, 4e

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