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Female Anatomy: Understanding the Vulva and Internal Structures

Explore the intricate details of the female anatomy, including the vulva, clitoris, pelvic floor muscles, internal structures like the vagina, uterus, and ovaries. Learn about common issues like chronic vaginitis, cervical cancer, endometriosis, and menopause. Discover important topics such as menstruation, menopause, and female genital mutilation. Stay informed and empowered with this comprehensive guide.

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Female Anatomy: Understanding the Vulva and Internal Structures

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  1. Female Anatomy

  2. Vulva

  3. Vulva

  4. Vulva

  5. Vulva

  6. Vulva

  7. Vulva • External genitals • Mon veneris • Labia majora and minora • Clitoris

  8. Clitoris

  9. Clitoris • Homologus to penis • Same # of nerve endings as the head of penis • Only purpose is sexual arousal • Most common method of self stimulation & orgasm

  10. Underlying structures

  11. Clitoris photo

  12. Underlying structures • Vestibular bulbs • Bartholin’s glans

  13. Pelvic floor muscles

  14. Kegel Exercises • Urinary control after childbirth • Increases genital sensitivity • Increases sensation during intercourse • Technique of doing exercises

  15. Internal structures (summary) • Vagina • Vasocongestion = lubrication • Grafenberg (G) spot • Cervix • Uterus • Ovaries

  16. Vagina, Uterus, Ovaries

  17. Uterus & Ovaries

  18. Vagina • Vaginal opening has highest concentration of vaginal musculature • Inner 2/3 = fewest nerve endings • Changes during intercourse • Orgasmic platform

  19. Chronic vaginitis • Due to • Antibiotic medication • Frequently wearing pantyhose • Birth control pills

  20. Grafenberg (G) spot • Location • http://mama.indstate.edu/users/nizrael/grafenberg.html • Female counterpart to male prostate gland • Female ejaculation

  21. Cervix • Cervical cancer - increases risk due to • Genital warts • Having several male sexual partners • First intercourse at an early age • Cigarette smoke

  22. Uterus • Endometrioses • Cells from uterine lining implant in abdominal cavity

  23. Ovaries • 40,000 to 400,000 innature ova at birth • 300 - 450 mature in a woman’s lifetime • Ovaries are endocrine glands • Produce sex hormones • Estrogen and progesterone

  24. Fallopian tubes

  25. After release from ovary, eggs viable for 24-48 hours for fertilization

  26. Breasts

  27. Breasts • Size • Fatty tissue determines size • Unrelated to milk or sensitivity • Preoccupation with size • Surgical alternatives • Enlargement • http://www.plasticsurgerypa.com/pgallery/benlargement.html • Reduction • http://www.plasticsurgerypa.com/pgallery/breduction.html • Lift • http://www.plasticsurgerypa.com/pgallery/blift.html

  28. Silicon Gel Breast Implants

  29. Breast exams • Self-exam = good • Mammogram = better • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) = Best

  30. Mammogram

  31. Menstruation • Menarche • Onset = 11 - 15 years • Menstrual synchrony • Women living together develop similar cycles

  32. Menopause • Permanent cessation of menstruation • Hormone replacement therapy • Benefits • Protects against • Osteoporoses • Cardiovascular disease • Loss of vaginal lubrication • KY • Risks • May increase estrogen dependent breast cancer • Endometrial cancer

  33. Female Genital Mutilation • Locations • Africa, Middle East, Asia • Types • Circumcision • Remove clitoral hood • Clitorectomy • Remove clitoris • Genital infibulation • Remove clitoris and labia • Sew up vulva

  34. Female Genital Mutilation (cont) • Purposes • Girls considered”unmarriageable” if not • Insure virginity • Clitoris seen as dangerous to men • Results • Hemorrhage • Infection • Painful intercourse • Complicated childbirth • Death from infection

  35. Efforts to stop FGM • WHO (World Health Organization) • UNICEF (United Nations) • US (Illegal in America)

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