International Helicopter Safety Team Overview Briefing

1. International Helicopter Safety Team Overview Briefing Mark Liptak FAA Aviation Data and Analysis Services, ASA-100 IHST Program Director

2. Today’s Objectives • Discuss the case for change in helicopter safety • Provide an overview of how the IHST is developing • safety improvements from accidents analyses • Provide IHST program status of both • domestically and internationally • Present top level analysis findings from the US • fleet accident data set. • Discuss the challenges of reaching small operators

3. We have a problem!

4. Outreach efforts continue, seeking partnerships in the Mid and Far East, CIS, Mexico and S. Africa updated Jan ‘09 Global outreach key to success

5. Factors That Led To Breakthroughs in Major Fatal Accident Rates Since 1946 Pressurized Aircraft into fleet (L-049, DC-6 & B-377) Earliest ILS (Glide slope, LOC & markers) Broad implementation of VOR and DME Radar introduced at selected towers Vickers-700 Turboprop (1953 in UK, 1956 US) DC-7 (1955), Lockheed Electra ATC centers RADAR and radio contact with cruise aircraft 1949-55 Long-Range radar (Centers) Jet Engine; 707 (1958) & DC-8 VOR/DME integrated into autopilot (precision approaches) Secondary radar Major Fatal Accidents Per Million Departures FMS CRM & 6-Axis Simulator & FDR Windshear Cabin Safety RNAV (processing VOR/DME & basic Instruments) GPWS, TCAS; Early automation FOQA/ASAP & ATC Data RJ Revolution New Large Jets Cooperative safety agenda

6. Factors That Will Lead To Breakthroughs in Helicopter Accident Rates Since 2005 IHST Formed Introduction of a scalable SMS tool ? Create partnerships with insurers Widespread use of safety accreditation programs ? Helicopter Accidents per Exposure Cockpit imaging systems ? ? 2014 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 2013 2016 2010 2015 '

7. Progressing Toward the 80% Goal US Fleet Data 10 Trend projection if no action taken Start – 9.1 Per 100K hours 9 ~760 AccidentsAvoided ~372 Fatalities/Serious Injuries Avoided source: Bell Worldwide Database 8 7 6 5 US Accident Rate per 100,000 flight hours 4 3 2 Goal – 1.8 Per 100K hours 1 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2001-2005 avg Year

8. Progressing Toward the 80% Goal Worldwide Fleet Data 10 Trend projection if no action taken Start – 9.5 Per 100K hours ~1694 AccidentsAvoided ~1132 Fatalities/Serious Injuries Avoidedsource: Bell Worldwide Database 9 8 7 6 Worldwide Accident Rate per 100,000 flight hours 5 4 3 2 Goal – 1.9 Per 100K hours 1 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2001-2005 avg Year

9. IHST is following a proven model IHST(CAST) Charters Activity JHSAT (JSAT)Analyzes DataProposes most effective interventions JHSIT (JSIT)Assesses feasibility of interventions works implementation Continued data analysis,measure interventioneffectiveness (JIMDAT)

10. This is a worldwide effort All IHST participants use a process adapted from CAST. Key attributes: All recommendations directly rooted in accident data. Regional ownership - Data is owned and analyzed by those most familiar with it. Safety recommendations are implemented by teams most familiar with local needs and challenges. JHSAT and JHSIT lead teams responsible for training/coaching regional teams, measuring the results of the safety recommendations and implementation effectiveness.

11. ALEA

12. IHST Organization Chart Executive Committee Government Co- Chair FAA – Dennis Pratte Industry Co- Chair HAI – Matt Zuccaro Secretariat AHS – M. Rhett Flater Program Director FAA – Mark Liptak Director Bell Helicopter – Somen Chowdhury Director EHEST– Jean-Pierre Dedieu Director Shell Aircraft – Robert Sheffield Director NASA – Dr. Amy Pritchett Director HAC – Fred Jones Director EHA Representative – TBD JHSAT Co-Chairs JHSIT Co-Chairs Regional Partners - Europe, Brazil, India, Australia, Canada, US

13. IHST Safety Initiative Analysis, Implementation and Metrics Functional Structure IHSTExecutive Committee Recommendations Implemented Accident Analyses PerformanceMetrics JHSAT Co-Chairs JHSIT Co-Chairs RefinementStandardization Accident Analysis Recommendations turned into Implementation Actions Canada JHSAT India JHSAT EHSAT Canada JHSIT India JHSIT EHSIT Brazil JHSAT US JHSAT Others Brazil JHSIT US JHSIT Others JHSAT Accident Analysis Recommendations JHSIT Implementation Actions

14. IHST Program - Regional Process Tracking 2006 2008 2009 2010 2007 TBD Today IHSSFormed ExcomFormed Program staffing, sales, marketing, management, communications, international outreach Metrics US 1 2 3 5 6 4 8 7 Metrics 5 6 1 2 3 4 7 8 Europe 1 2 3 6 7 8 4 5 Canada Brazil 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 5 6 7 8 Metrics India 2 3 1 Australia 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 Mid East E 1 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 E FarEast 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 CIS E 4 5 6 7 8 JHSIT SEs complete JHSAT Report Complete Key: Regional Kickoff Meeting 1 4 7 JHSAT Team Formed JHSIT Formed JHSIT DIPs complete 2 5 8 Accident Dataset Established JHSIT Process Refined Regional “exploratory” mtg 3 6 E

15. Why do we think our process will work? Three Examples: Commercial Aviation OGP/Shell Aircraft ALEA

16. Large Transport Ops Rate Improvements Source: cast.org

17. Source: R. Sheffield, Shell Aircraft

18. Began SMS training 2000 Accreditation Standards adopted 2005 Adopted IHST SMS Toolkit 2007 480 people/year attend Regional Safety Seminars 220 attended pre-conference courses in 2007 1,100 people attend Annual Conference Total membership – 3,600 Reduced accidents by 75% (21-6) from 1999-2007 by adoption of SMS methods Airborne Law Enforcement Association Education Programs

19. A look at some of the IHST’s work in the US

20. US Accident Analysis Overview: 197 accidents analyzed; covered a wide spectrum of helicopter operations – 15 basic mission types identified. 1200+ scored problem statements/intervention findings developed US JHSAT refined the problem statement/intervention findings into: 7 foundational recommendation areas for the US fleet 125 specific recommendations for 15 mission types 2001 analysis almost complete, 174 additional accidents

21. Ranked US Fleetwide Recommendations 1. Safety Management 2. Training 3. Systems and Equipment 4. Information 5. Maintenance 6. Regulatory Recommendations 7. Infrastructure Detailed problem/solution info for 15 missions also developed

22. US Fleet– CY2000 Data

25. 2001 accident data

26. Intervention Categories (2000 vs 2001) 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 % of Interventions ID'ed 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 Regulatory Maintenance Safety Mgmt Infrastructure Training/Instruct Data/Information Systems and Equip No recommendation

27. Detailed US JHSAT data available at ihst.org year 2000 report issued year 2001 report to be issued September 2009 year 2006 accident data “on deck” for analysis All findings passed to US JHSIT for implemtation plan development All recommendations and actions based on accident data

28. Implementing Change – Remaining Process Driven Implementation actions are driven by accident data and arebased on the recommendations of the JHSAT team Actions are prioritized for potential impact Each action is assessed for safety impact and ROI A “Safety Enhancement” (SE) plan is established for each action The Excom reviews and if appropriate, approves each SE Approved SEs are further augmented by a “Detailed Implementation Plan” (DIP) SE/DIP effectiveness metrics used to ensure actions working as intended

29. Identifying the target audience HAI Survey Data The IHST challenge – reaching small and medium sized operators

30. Pathways to Influence Change Trainers ABC Groups Industry Pubs Maintainers FSDO Insurance AccreditationProgs 1 to 5 ship operators We need to find high leverage means to influence the small ops community

31. Conclusions: We have a problem – Unanimity in the worldwide helicopter community; long term accident trends are unacceptable. We know how to fix it – Using a data driven, stakeholder consensus process we’ve identified the drivers behind helicopter accidents. Implementation of SMS, training, information and maintenance enhancements are the top priority targets. Effectiveness measures will be used. We can’t do it alone – Any entity with accident data willing to use the IHST analysis and implementation process is a viable candidate to join this worldwide initiative. ihst.org