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Explore the Realism movement from 1820-1920, focusing on everyday life, Industrial Revolution, dance, drama, music, and art. Learn about key figures like Courbet, Manet, Ibsen, Shaw, Miller, Williams, and their contributions.
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Realism 1820-1920
Realism • Characteristics • seeks the truth • beauty in everyday life. • Focused on the Industrial Revolution and the conditions of working class.
Dance - Realism: Folk and Social Dance • In US, dance was a social interaction • In New England and the South • well bred if studied dance • On the Frontier/Out West • dancing was fun and frolic. • country fairs, log rolling, quilting parties, and special celebrations. • The highlight of the night would be a dance.
Dance - Realism: Folk and Social Dance • In the 1830’s dance was condemned by Puritan (sinful.) • Dancing-accepted pastime of the middle and upper classes. • Types: • Waltz, Polka, York and the Virginia Reel. • Square Dance • Man and Woman, A “caller” would yell out instructions. • danced in town squares or barns
Drama/Theatre – Realism • Revolt against the romanticism and melodrama in plays. • Writers created plays with more natural speech and real situations. • The plays looked more like real life and problems in society.
Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906) • Norway • “father of realism.” • social issue plays • A Doll’s House • how women were treated by their husbands. • Women not capable of making important decisions • Children-“property” of the fathers. • If a wife left her husband, she also left her children
George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) • Irish • Pygmalion-- problem of looking down on others because of their speech or accents • My Fair Lady1 • My Fair Lady2 • realistically multi-layered characters with spoken accents. • made his point about social issues through comedy.
Arthur Miller (1915-2005) • Most successful • Pulitzer Prize for Death Of a Salesman (1949) • about a poor salesman, who isn’t any good and very ordinary. • The Crucible—Witch-hunts that persecute innocent people. • Satire of the McCarthyism of the late 1940s and early 50s • (Red Scare-hunt for communists in America)
Tennessee Williams (1911-1983) • most popular American playwright of realistic tragedies • Family issues and turmoil • The Glass Menagerie(1945) • His earliest and best known • Cat On a Hot Tin Roof- (1954) • Street Car Named Desire (1947) • Suddenly Last Summer
Music– Realism • There was never a style of music that could be called realistic. • Composers used nationalism and common folk tunes. • Operas were composed using the common man as characters. • Bizet’s Carmen is about love and loss between a soldier and a girl that works in a Spanish cigarette Factory.
Realism-Art • Characteristics • Life size paintings • Thick paint • Common People • Camera invented
Gustave Courbet (1819-1877) • Painted: religious, mythological, common things and people. • Painted how things really were. • life-sizepaintings-the viewer felt they were in the painting. • first to use a palette knife instead of a brush. • later part of his life painting landscapes.
Edouard Manet (1832-1883) • Caught people in a moment in time, like a photograph. • painted common people doing everyday things. • The Luncheon on the Grass, • people enjoying a picnic in the park. • Considered “unfinished,” • The public was shocked to see these were just everyday people like themselves!
